Cross Cultural Communications Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Cross Cultural Communications - Assignment Example Their interaction in different circumstances and situations is dramatic and displays poor cross cultural communication. The disparity in their personalities, prejudices and values makes the film interesting to watch as their lives crash into each other. Rick Cabot, played by Shaun Toub, plays as a Caucasian district attorney KRAUSZ, E. (2011). To achieve his political ambitions, Rick, pulls out his race card. To ensure he is elected he appeals to his fellow Caucasians to elect him. He also promises protection from the crime gangs organized by the other races. His wife who carries excessive prejudice toward other races obtains a justification for her prejudice. This happens after she and her husband are hijacked and robbed of their Lincoln Navigator. Later that night, white officers stop a similar Lincoln navigator as they search for the stolen one. The Lincoln navigator belongs to a black couple. One of the police officers Ryan decides to have some fun. He sexually harasses Christine the wife as he pretends to check her for a gun in her husbands’ presence. Jean the district attorneys wife blurts her prejudices only to be overheard by a Hispanic man who is changing the locks. She claims that it is useless to change the locks since the Hispanic man will later offer the keys to his fellow gang members (KRAUSZ, E, 2011). Arriving home the Hispanic has to comfort his daughter who hides under the bed after hearing gunshots outside. Daniel promises to give his daughter a cloak to make her invisible and impenetrable. Later Ryan comes across an accident and puts his life at risk to save Christine the woman he had molested earlier. On the other hand her husbands’ job is threatened as he attempts to defend a black actor at the studio he works. A white colleague claims that the actor is not acing black enough. On his way home, the two hijackers attempt to hijack him. Tired of all the harassment he resists

Abortion Legalization Importance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Abortion Legalization Importance - Essay Example Recently, extreme opponent of pro-choice group, Joe Walsh, a representative of Illinois, argued that advances in technology and sciences have eliminated the need for abortion to save the lives of women. He claimed that the pro-choice activists are using the health issues of the mother as a tool to defend the abortion favoring policies. However, the statement issued by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologist explained that abortion is necessary in many critical situations of pregnancy in order to save the life of mother. Several situations such as, infections, cases of preeclampsia, heart failure, very high blood pressure lead to the only choice of abortion to save the life of mother. Despite advanced technology and development of science, in many of such cases abortion can’t be avoided. In a way, legalization of abortion helps in such critical cases and medical community is morally and legally justified to perform abortion in order to save the life of mother.As many physicians refuse to perform abortion, the number of safe abortions services is gradually decreasing in many places. Despite legislation of abortion, due to the lack of proper health services, inadequate knowledge of the law, social stigma, and lack of health information, many women undergo through unsafe abortion in clinically unhygienic and unsafe conditions. It is estimated that over 22 million of the world’s annual 47 million abortions are unsafe, and almost 30% of it results in serious medical complications.

Virginia Woolf | A Modernist Perspective

Virginia Woolf | A Modernist Perspective Virginia Woolfs novels incorporate the quintessential elements of the modern experience. I will explore the literary expression of these characteristics in relation to three of Woolfs novels: Mrs Dalloway, The Waves and To the Light House. Firstly, I will analyse the modernist perspective in relation to form, narrative technique, structural dynamic, gender etc. I will also investigate Woolfs materialization of time and how its constant reflections on the past incorporate a manifestation with the progression of actuality. I will also deconstruct the thematic ideologies envisioned in Woolfs texts and relate them to the exhibition of contemporary being. This part of the dissertation will focus centrally on the technical and modernist aspects of Woolfs writings The second part of the thesis will conceptualize the sociological and political background of Woolfs narratives. I will unravel the historical constructions and implications of her compositions. I will explore the concrete reality and the space that occupies the fictional fabrications of her novels. I will analyse Woolfs encapsulation of the city as a medium that shapes and conceptualizes aesthetic experience. I will explore her representations of the urban landscape and social environment and relate them to the theoretical investigations promulgated by critical interpretations of the metropolis. I will also analyze Woolfs exhibition of the city as a transitionary space in which sociological models are deconstructed and materialized. 3) Structure Introduction: Woolf as the quintessential modernist. This particular chapter will explore the general interpretations and influences of the modernist writer. It will offer an overview and introduction of Woolfs works. I will explore Woolfs idiosyncratic depictions of reality and how this complex process became the central preoccupations of the 19th century modernist writer. I will also deconstruct the radical innovations of the modernist experience and how these cultural, political, economical and historical productions destabilized the conventional constructs of actuality. Chapter 1: Past as a continuous presence, literary experiments with time: the experience of linear temporality and contemporary being in Virginia Woolfs novels. In this chapter I will analyze the influential dynamic of the past and how its materialization can formulate contemporary moments of temporality. I will particularly examine Mrs Dalloway. I will investigate the modernist production and representations of psychological and impersonal time. This chapter will incorporate a variety of critical theorist such as Henri Bergson and how his theoretical implications and materializations of time had consequential implications on the modernist aesthetic. Chapter 2: Experimental perspectives: the exploration of modern representations of the unconscious in Virginia Woolfs The Waves. This chapter will incorporate an exploration of the subjective experience presented in Woolfs narrative. I will investigate the exposition of Woolfs stream of consciousness technique and its consequential implications on the aspects and productions of the modernist experience. Chapter 3: Historical representations: a panoramic view of class and social structure in Woolfs Mrs Dalloway I will explore the social dynamic of Woolfs novels in this third chapter. I hope to encapsulate an entire perspective and viewpoint of the social world of Woolfs narratives. I will explore the social relationships that are represented in the text in particular in Mrs Dalloway. Chapter 4: The City as an aesthetic experience: metropolitan modernity in Woolfs novels. In this chapter I will incorporate an intense investigation on the depiction of the urban landscape displayed in Woolfs novels. I will uncover the aesthetic perspectives of the metropolis and consider its dynamic as a fluctuating and transformative space. I will also examine the different forms in which she presents the city as an aesthetic, irresolute and wavering experience. Chapter 5: A feminist critique: understanding Woolfs perspective. This particular chapter will offer an exploration on Woolfs representations and constructions of gender relations. I will also investigate the depictions of gender stereotypes in relation to class division and structure. Working Bibliography Ayers, David, Modernism: A Short Introduction. Blackwell, 2004. Print. Black, N. Virginia Woolf as feminist. Cornell University Press, 2004 Bradbury, Malcolm James McFarlane, eds. Modernism: 1830-1930. Penguin, 1976. Print. Bridge, Gary Sophie Watson. The Blackwell City Reader. Blackwell, 2002. Print. Briggs, J. Reading Virginia Woolf. Edinburgh University Press, 2006. Print. Brooker, Peter. Geographies of Modernism. Routledge, 2005. Print. Coverley, Merlin, London Writing. Pocket Essentials, 2005. Print. Cuddy-Keane, Melba, Virginia Woolf, the Intellectual, and the Public Sphere. Cambridge UP, 2003.Print. De Certeau. Michel, The Practice of Everyday Life. California UP, 1988. Print. DeBord, Guy, The Society of the Spectacle. Rebel Press, 1992. Print. Dettmar, Kevin. Rereading the new: a backward glance at modernism. University of Michigan Press, 1992. Print Eysteinsson, Astradur. The Concept of Modernism. Cornell UP, 1990. Print. Faulkner, Peter, Modernism. Routledge, 1990. Print. Froula, Christine, Virginia Woolf and the Bloomsbury Avant-Garde: War, Civilization, Modernity . Columbia UP, 2005. Print. Goldman, J. The feminist aesthetics of Virginia Woolf: modernism, post-impressionism and the politics of the visual. University Press, 2001. Print. Goldman, Jane, Modernism, 1910-1945: Image to Apocalypse. Palgrave, 2003.Print. Goldman, Jane, The Cambridge Introduction to Virginia Woolf .Cambridge U P, 2006. Print. Hanson, Clare, Virginia Woolf . Macmillan, 1994. Print Humm, M. Modernist women and visual cultures: Virginia Woolf, Vanessa Bell, photography, and cinema. Rutgers University Press, 2003. Print. Kern, Stephen, The Culture of Time and Space, 1880-1918. Harvard UP, 1983. Print. Kolocotroni, Vassili et al (eds), Modernism: An Anthology. Edinburgh UP, 1998. Print. Lee, Hermione, Virginia Woolf . Chatto and Windus, 1996. Print. Lee, Hermoine. The novels of Virginia Woolf. Taylor Francis, 1977. Print. Lefebvre, Henri, The Production of Space. Blackwell, 1991. Print. Levenson, Michael, ed., The Cambridge Companion to Modernism. Cambridge UP, 1998. Matz, Jesse. The modern novel: a short introduction. Wiley-Blackwell, 2004. Print. Nicholls, Peter, Modernisms: A Literary Guide. Macmillan, 1995. Print. Olsen, Donald J., The City as a Work of Art .Yale UP, 1986. Print. Rainey, Lawrence, Modernism: An Anthology . Blackwell, 2005.Print. Scott, Bonnie Kime.,ed. The Gender of Modernism: A Critical Anthology . Indiana UP, 1990. Print. Squier, Susan Merrill, Virginia Woolf and London: The Sexual Politics of the City. North Carolina UP, 1985. Print. Stevenson, R. Modernist fiction: an introduction. University Press of Kentucky, 1992. Print. Weston, Richard, Modernism. Phaidon, 1996.Print. Whitworth, Michael. H. Virginia Woolf. Oxford University Press, 2005. Print. Williams, Raymond, The Politics of Modernism. Verso, 1989. Print. Wilson, Jean Moorcroft, Virginia Woolf: Life and London. Woolf, 1987. Print. Wolfreys, Julian, Writing London: Materiality, Memory, Spectrality, Vol.2. Palgrave, 2004. Print. Woolf, Virginia. To the lighthouse. Oxford University Press, 2006. Print. Woolf, Virginia. Mrs Dalloway. Penguin Woolf, Virginia. The Waves. Collectors library, 2003. Zwerdling, Alex. Virginia Woolf and the Real World.University of California Press, 1987. Print. Articles Abbott H. P. Character and Modernism: Reading Woolf Writing Woolf New Literary History, 24.2, Reconsiderations (Spring, 1993): 393-405 Banfield, Ann. Time Passes: Virginia Woolf, Post-Impressionism, and Cambridge Time Poetics Today, 24. 3, Theory and History of Narrative (2003): 471-516 Brian Phillips Reality and Virginia Woolf Reality and Virginia Woolf The Hudson Review, 56.3 (2003): 415-430 King, James. Review: Wallowing in Woolf Molly HiteReviewed work(s): Virginia Woolf The Womens Review of Books,13.2 (1995): 5-6 Paul Tolliver Brown Relativity, Quantum Physics, and Consciousness in Virginia Woolfs To the Lighthouse Journal of Modern LiteratureHYPERLINK http://muse.jhu.edu.eproxy.ucd.ie/journals/journal_of_modern_literature/toc/jml.32.3.html, 32.3. (2HYPERLINK http://muse.jhu.edu.eproxy.ucd.ie/journals/journal_of_modern_literature/toc/jml.32.3.html009):39-62 Pawlowski, Merry M. Virginia Woolfs Veil: The Feminist Intellectual and the Organization of Public Space MFS Modern Fiction StudiesHYPERLINK http://muse.jhu.edu.eproxy.ucd.ie/journals/modern_fiction_studies/toc/mfs53.4.html, 53. 4. (HYPERLINK http://muse.jhu.edu.eproxy.ucd.ie/journals/modern_fiction_studies/toc/mfs53.4.html2007): 722-751. Seshagiri, Urmila. Orienting Virginia Woolf: Race, Aesthetics, and Politics in To the Lighthouse. MFS Modern Fiction StudiesHYPERLINK http://muse.jhu.edu.eproxy.ucd.ie/journals/modern_fiction_studies/toc/mfs50.1.html, 50.1. (HYPERLINK http://muse.jhu.edu.eproxy.ucd.ie/journals/modern_fiction_studies/toc/mfs50.1.html2004) 58-84 Taylor, Chloe .Kristevan Themes in Virginia WoolfHYPERLINK http://www.jstor.org.eproxy.ucd.ie/stable/3831688?Search=yessearchText=woolfsearchText=virginialist=hidesearchUri=/action/doBasicSearch?Query=virginia+woolfacc=onwc=onprevSearch=item=3ttl=15185returnArticleService=showFullTextHYPERLINK http://www.jstor.org.eproxy.ucd.ie/stable/3831688?Search=yessearchText=woolfsearchText=virginialist=hidesearchUri=/action/doBasicSearch?Query=virginia+woolfacc=onwc=onprevSearch=item=3ttl=15185returnArticleService=showFullTexts HYPERLINK http://www.jstor.org.eproxy.ucd.ie/stable/3831688?Search=yessearchText=woolfsearchText=virginialist=hidesearchUri=/action/doBasicSearch?Query=virginia+woolfacc=onwc=onprevSearch=item=3ttl=15185returnArticleService=showFullTextHYPERLINK http://www.jstor.org.eproxy.ucd.ie/stable/3831688?Search=yessearchText=woolfsearchText=virginialist=hidesearchUri=/action/doBasicSearch?Query=virginia+woolfacc=onwc=onprevSearch=item=3ttl=15185returnArticleService=showFullTextThe WavesHYPERLINK http://www.jstor.org.eproxy.ucd.ie/stable/3831688?Search=yessearchText=woolfsearchText=virginialist=hidesearchUri=/action/doBasicSearch?Query=virginia+woolfacc=onwc=onprevSearch=item=3ttl=15185returnArticleService=showFullText . Journal of Modern Literature, 29.3 (2006): 57-77

The Metamorphosis of Macbeth Essay -- GCSE Coursework Macbeth Essays

The Metamorphosis of Macbeth  Ã‚   Shakespeare’s play, Macbeth demonstrates what can happen when one pursues power at the expense of everything else.     The main character, Macbeth begins the play as a strong character that is greatly admired, however as the play progresses, Macbeth's personality and actions become more and more deceitful. Macbeth’s deceit eventually leads to his destruction. Following the murder of Duncan, Macbeth realizes that the murder has put him into the control of demon forces which are the enemy of mankind. Macbeth recognizes that the conscious acts which torture him essentially reduce him to a human individual. This is the inescapable bond that keeps him "pale" and at Act 3 Scene 2, he states: "Come seeling night Scarf up the tender eye of pitiful day, And with thy bloody and invisible hand Cancel and tear to pieces that great bond Which keeps me pale" The above quote by Macbeth demonstrates that he imagines that the execution of more murderous deeds, (instigation of the murder of Banquo), will help him pursue his interest of personal safety and also destroy any personal humanity left within himself. Immediately after the death of Duncan, Macbeth is disgusted with himself for murdering Duncan. This is shown by Macbeth when he states: "I have done the deed" He says this instead of simply saying that he has murdered Duncan and is consequently almost trying to avoid the subject. This demonstrates that Macbeth is deeply ashamed of what he has done. Macbeth also feels that the killing of Duncan has cut him off from God, because before the murder the text is full of references to things being divine, but following the murder everything in the text becomes bleak and unhol... ...e prophecies give Macbeth a false sense of security. Macbeth is very insecure, which is an explanation as to why he feels he has to kill anyone who he remotely views as a threat to his reign including his plan to murder Macduff: "I'll make assurance double sure" I think this is because he is so insecure that he feels he needs to kill Macduff to make the prophecy come true. The multiple roles of Macbeth in the play demonstrate his changing character and illustrate the complete evolution of Macbeth's personality. Macbeth begins as a respectable person and gradually his personality descends until he eventually falls apart and loses control. Perhaps the message that Shakespeare is sending is that no good will come from evil -even if it first appears that you will not be found out. Works Cited: Shakespeare, William. Macbeth. New York: Penguin Books, 1987.

Huckelberry Finn – Chapter 1 Commentary

â€Å"There were things he stretched, but mainly he told the truth.† Straight away Twain shows us the irony and hypocrisy of American society through the eyes of the young and innocent Huck. For Twain's story to come out as he has intended the voice of the narrator is a crucial part. Twain has deliberately chosen a 13-year-old boy as the first person narrator to give the reader a greater sense of belief and trust which Huck quickly gains through his innocence. A young boy such as Huck would be less influenced by the world around him and, therefore, he will be telling the story straight from the heart and what he truly believes in. His vision isn't clouded by the ‘sivilised' society, which Twain perhaps purposely uses to symbolise the way in which American society attempts to place people into a certain stereotype. The language Twain has used is very simple which reflects Huck himself. The grammatically incorrect English. This seems to give Huck more appeal as it further demonstrates his innocence and honesty. Further more, Twain provides us with two contrasting characters in the widow Douglas and Miss Watson in both their personalities and language they use. Their main concern is to behave in the manner that is considered by the society to be ‘sivilised'. This gives the reader the impression that they are fake and not true to themselves but rather more worried about what others will think of them. From the beginning it is clear that Huck believes to be trapped by what he believes to be a confined society. When he is away from this Huck feels ‘free and satisfied' but now that the widow and Miss Watson have taken to ‘Civilizing Huck', his new clothes symbolise the way in which he is feeling on the inside. Huck feels ‘all cramped up' and ‘tiresome and lonesome'. He feels so lonesome that he ‘wishes [he] was dead'. All Huck wants is ‘to go somewhere' and he ‘warn't particular'. He is so desperate to get away from the society that is constricting him that Huck wishes he was at the ‘bad place'. Twain perhaps uses Miss Watson's criticism of Tom Sawyer going to the good place ‘not by a considerable light' as a way to emphasize Huck's fear of being lonely. Huck is very glad at this thought because he wants ‘Tom and [him] to be together'. Perhaps one of Twain's greatest concerns about America's society is its evident hypocrisy. This is greatly exemplified by the widow's ban on smoking because it was a ‘mean practice and wasn't clean' while she herself ‘took snuff too'. As she has authority others are willing to ignore her faults and ‘of course that was all right, because she done it herself', whereas Huck is compelled to follow the rules, only because he has not yet been ‘sivilised'. This passage also seems to explore the idea of criticizing others in order raise themselves. By condemning Huck for smoking, the widow is making herself feel better knowing that she has the authority and that it is all right for her to smoke. Twain uses the idea of Miss Watson using the spelling book perhaps to symbolise the way in which Huck sees this ‘sivilised' society- ‘I couldn't stood it much longer'. The society's concern with being respectable is emphasised by the irony that Huck is only allowed to join Tom's ‘band of robbers' if he goes back to the widow and becomes ‘respectable'. A possible implication of this is that no one would suspect a ‘respectable' person. The society would straight away try and accuse the ‘unsivilised' rather then point the blame on someone of a ‘respectable' status. Therefore, in order for Huck to join the ‘band of robbers' he must establish himself as a ‘respectable' member of the society so as the blame won't be pointed at him. Throughout the chapter the tone changes but particularly towards the end there is a darkness which is mainly created by the use of sounds. ‘I heard an owl, away off, who-whooing about somebody that was dead, and a whippowill and a dog crying about somebody that was going to die', all add to the lonely mood that Huck is feeling at the time and his wish that ‘[he] had some company'. Through Huck Twain is also able to express his views of racism in American society at the time. The use of the word ‘nigger' shows the acceptance of the term. Huck's observation that ‘things go better' when ‘mixed up' seems to refer to the racial segregation. Twain is perhaps portraying his view that society would be a better place if we all ‘mix up' and ‘swap around'. As the society in which Huck is being bought up in slowly attempts to ‘sivilise' him, Huck's character and values seem to grow stronger. As he fights against the society that is attempting to take away his individualism, Huck is determined to stay true to himself and tell the truth, with as little ‘stretches' as possible.

Isolationist Policy In The United States (1920’S And 1930’S) Essay

Isolationism pertains to the foreign policy that involves two major actions, non-intervention with regards to military actions and protection of economic activities. In the area of non-interventionism, the political leaders are observed to circumvent any coalitions with other countries as well as any participation in warfare and other forms of self-defense activities related to territories. In the area of protectionism, legal barriers are erected in order to regulate any exchanges related to trade and sharing of cultural information with individuals representing other states. The concept of isolationism is often mistaken as a non-interventionist way of thinking or philosophy and international policy associated with liberty, which entails unrestricted trading and traveling between individuals from any part of the world. It is thus best to employ the term libertarian isolationist as the policy of non-intervention or not participating with any activities or not getting associated with any political relations with a foreign country yet still retaining the capability of participating in free trade. The doctrine of non-participation of the United States through the refusal of entering into any form of alliance, agreement or commitment with a foreign country has been observed during different decades. Such isolationist policy is also coupled to the attempts of the United States to instill a sense of self-reliance based on a stable economy by dedicating efforts of the advancement of the country, in both routes of diplomacy and economics, while maintaining a condition of peace by keeping away from any associations with other countries and responsibilities. It is understood that developed countries generally engage in trade relations with other countries in order to expand its labor force as well as raise their standard of living based on the rise of the country’s economy. However, the United States is known to follow a protectionist policy which entails isolation from any form of engagement with trade relations with other countries. The leaders of the United States believe that such policy is beneficial to the United States, while economists express the opposite, that such policy is detrimental. Other critics have expressed that since the United States is recognized as the biggest consumer of the world and carries it own rich natural resources, it can identity specific conditions that should be applied to products and services that are brought into the country. This condition is the opposite of the free trade policy, which allows any country to perform any particular action that is recognized to be their expertise, and in turn benefit from the trading of their products. The adoption of the isolationist policy is the result of the conditions of a particular country, such as war, crises and uprisings that may originate from other countries. The isolationist policy adopted by the United States was mainly due to the effects of World War I, the Great Depression and the significant influx of immigrants. The decades of the 1920’s and the 1930’s were characterized by the isolationist conditions in the United States, wherein there was social seclusion from any form of engagement with countries around the world. The coined attitude, known as the Red Scare, was based on the Sacco and Vanzetti trial. In this setting, Americans gave more focus into instilling tranquility in their homes, more than providing efforts in achieving and instilling peace in other countries. It has been described that the United States adopted the isolationist policy because the country was already exhausted by global issues at that time. With this in mind, the political leaders of the United States were very anxious in staying away from issues and associated effects of war. This can be observed in the Kellogg-Briand Pact of 1928, which stated that war was outlawed as a tool for international policy. In a public address given by Warren G. Harding in the 1920’s, it was expressed that a supergovernment is the least of the United States’ dream and in turn, attention should be given to national issues instead. It was also stated that adopting the isolationist policy is not selfish, but is actually a form of sanctity. The result of the Treaty of Versailles is another example of the adoption of the isolationist policy by the United States in the 1920’s and 1930’s. In this case, the U. S. Senate did not agree to ratify the Treaty which states that the United States would engage in the League of Nations. The United States’ refusal to approve this Treaty showed the contempt of the U. S. over concepts of idealism at the international level, because the United States feels that engaging in this Treaty would eventually lead the country to war. The United States then was actively expressing the war is a contagious disease which can spread around the world at a very fast pace. With this stand, the Neutrality Acts of 1935, 1936 and 1937 were created, which prevents the re-emergence of ties between the United States and any war actions or policies (Doenecke, 1982). The many faces of isolationism are clearly shown during the 1920’s and the 1930’s. During these decades, the political and social views and American policy were turned towards isolationism, such as the increasing fear of communism, exhaustion from the idea of war, and the anti-radical hysteria. In the next decades such as the 1950’s, these same socialist isolationist views were also evident, but this time the political policy was turned towards and internationalist point of view. Isolationism, however radical in concept, resulted from the circumstances in which it was derived from. Reference Doenecke JD (1982): American Isolationism, 1939-1941. Journal of Libertarian Studies, Summer/Fall 6(3):201-216.

Detergents and Soaps essays

Detergents and Soaps essays The chemical reaction that produces soap is called saponification. It occurs when a hot caustic alkali solution, such as caustic soda (sodium hydroxide), acts on natural fats or oils to produce a smooth, semisolid, fatty acid salt (soap) and glycerin, or glycerol. There are many different procedures and techniques of making soap. Three main ones include the boiling process, the continuous process and the cold procedure, The boiling process is one specific procedure in which soap can easily be made at home by boiling water with animal fat or vegetable oils and wood ash. As the water boils, the fat molecules are broken down into fatty acids. Saponification occurs when these fatty acids react with potassium carbonate from the ash to form soap. Continuous soap making process is another common process in which the fat is split into fatty acids and glycerin in a tall column called a hydrolyser. Molten fat is continuously pumped in at the bottom of the hydrolyser and is split into fatty acids by water that is continuously pumped in at the top at high temperature and pressure. The fatty acids are taken from the top of the hydrolyser and the glycerin is drawn off at the bottom. The fatty acids are then purified in a still and neutralized with an alkali to yield neat soap. Cold process is anther process, which is used by small factories. In the cold method, a fat and oil mixture is agitated with an alkali solution in an open pan until the mixture thickens. It is then poured into frames and left to saponify and solidify. This is a diagram illustrating how milled bar soap is commercially produced in industries to form the final product that is sold. Milled bar soap is produced by means of several mixing, blending, and milling stages. Hot water and fats are mixed in a hydrolyser and the fatty acids are distilled. The mixture is then condensed and enters metering pumps where alkali is added. After the solution is mixed and blended, b...

Faith Healing Essays

Faith Healing Essays Faith Healing Essay Faith Healing Essay Faith healing Is thoroughly based on what Is believed religiously by a certain individual, the patient and what level of faith they have. Faith is an action word, it means doing or believing in the impossible. Such as, moving mountains, saving a persons life, or believing in miracles. James writes in the Bible, For as the body apart from the split is dead, so also faith apart from works Is dead. (1 ) Here what James Is stating is, if one has faith but doesnt do things to prove it, or show it, then its pointless. That faith is dead. Real faith is performed by believing in what is unseen, but more than Just believing has to be done here. Even Satan believes, but he has no works. He lives in hell, and tortures those who dont choose to live with Jesus In eternity. Faith Healing started back before the earliest records, it took place even in the Medieval Times. In those times, royalty was brought to the king and he was believed to have to power to heal through a touching motion. In todays time, there have been numerous reports of miracle cures. : Faith Is described as a powerful gift from God, out of the many gifts given from Him. In the book of Matthew, he writes He replied, Because you have so little faith, Truly I tell you, if you have faith as small as a mustard seed, you can say to this mountain, Move from here to there,and it will move. Nothing will be Impossible. (2) This verse shows Just how mighty the word faith really Is. A mustard seed Is about one or two millimeters In diameter, compare that to a pin dot made on the tip of a human finger. It is so powerful that if one had only have that much faith, that mountains could be move. How phenomenal is that? Body: Faith healing is Patients of faith are normally happy, they dont complain about hardly anything, they have a smile on their faces, they are Joyful, and usually have numerous visitors during the day. They stay happy no matter what the circumstances are, because one way or another, they know for sure that everything will In turn be okay. These patients bless the nurses and doctors taking care of them because it is so easy to tell how thankful they are for the work being done. In the book, Heaven is For Real, authors Lynn Vincent and Todd Burro write a small segment about this man who Is on his death bed, and knows he wont last much longer. Instead of letting himself be so down, and crying; every time a nurse or visitor would approach his room, they could see his bright smile as soon as they pushed through the door of his hospital room. He was not so down, and negative because he knew where he was going. He had faith that he would see all of his family again someday, and that he was going home to be with his Lord and savior. He was not worried about a thing. (3) Patients who lack faith, they are not pleasant to be around simply because they are always downing themselves, and everyone around them. They are very negative patients to work with. They never smile, they are always complaining, and it takes something very special to bring happiness and Joy to their face. Rarely do they have visitor, and they are Just ready to die, because they have no faith that they just might make it, and be cured of their disease. In the Bible, Psalms talks about the healing of I OFF hem from their distress. He sent forth his word and healed them; he rescued them from the grave. (4) Moses writes of a grand example of Faith Healing. The people of the Lord prayed to Him while they were sick or in trouble. He healed them immediately. Faith is a way of healing, a treatment of medicine with the efficient power of prayer and hope. Praying for healing power, from the healing hand of God is very important in the process of Faith Healing. Prayer holds importance in all religions other than Christianity. The power of prayer is unstoppable, it has the rower to seek and find what is in Gods plan for an individuals life. Having the faith to ask God to be healed, and believing in Him that He will answer, and respond to His request is an example of having faith. That is an experience pastors go through each day in the halls of hospitals. One of the roles of being a pastor is visiting church members in the hospital. Some pastors go from door to door on top of only visiting church members. They make several trips to hospitals each week, putting many miles on their vehicles, because of the care they have for their church members. There are also pastors that go to every patients room in the hospital to share the gospel and pray with them. In the Islamic religion, praying is a central element that is practiced and worshiped. The folks of this religion have five times a day that they pray. In the book of Quern, it expresses how important prayer is to Islamic people. And I have chosen you, so listen to that which is inspired to you. Verily, I am God! There is none worthy of worship but l, so worship Me and offer prayer perfectly for My remembrance. God says here that they are to pray to him, this is a very strict religion. (6) In the Buddhist religion, they have prayer wheels. Prayer wheels are hollow cylinders or metal attached to a rod or small pole. They are very beautifully designed on the outside, and come in many sizes. The prayer wheel also represent the Wheel of the Law, which was brought to motion by Buddha. The wheel spins, and by spinning it means Just as much to them as reciting or reading their sacred scripts aloud. Some of the wheels have sacred texts close by on paper or sometimes on animals skin. (7) Buddhist are very religious, they have many rituals and practices they maintain on a Journey to enlightenment. One of the popular practices is meditation. The practice of meditation is central to nearly all forms of Buddhism, and it derives directly from the Buddha experiences and teachings. Meditation is the central focus of Zen Buddhism and the only way to liberation in Tetrahedral Buddhism. The Zen of Faith is when one is stubborn and wont admit to believing in anything supernatural. An example of the Zen of Faith, Master Banker states, My oracle is that when Im hungry, I eat, and when I am tired, I sleep. Zen students are to have great faith, great doubt, and also great determination. (8) Giving examples of each of these religions displays how, even though their beliefs may vary and may worship different things; they still pray and they have faith. There is no scientific proof that Faith Healing can actually take place or any evidence that if can heal cancer or any disease. If its believed in, and prayed upon, anything can happen. Faith Healing does help with stress levels, pain relief, anxiety, and also plays a costive role in enhancing a persons will to live. Proven facts state that Hospitalized people who never attended church have an average stay of three times longer than people who attended regularly. Heart patients were 14 times more likely to die rarely attended church had a stroke rate double that of people who attended regularly. In Israel, religious people had a 40% lower death rate from cardiovascular disease and cancer. All of these facts thoroughly contribute to Faith Healing, and helping to trust that it is efficient.

Compounds Based on Port

Compounds Based on Port Compounds Based on Port Compounds Based on Port By Mark Nichol This post lists and defines compound words in which the second element is the word port, derived from the Latin word portare, meaning â€Å"carry.† Airport, carport, heliport, and seaport refer to locations where the vehicles and vessels implied by the respective prefixes embark and return (and remain between uses). To apport (literally, â€Å"carry to†) is to move or produce something through supernatural means, and an apport is something so moved. To comport (â€Å"carry with†) is to agree or to behave. (As with most but not all words featuring a prefix attached to port, the noun is formed by appending -ation.) Deport (â€Å"carry away†) usually refers to expelling a person to his or her home country. Disport has the same literal meaning but generally refers to amusement or diversion. Sport is a truncation of disport that usually refers to athletic activities (originally engaged in for amusement as a respite from one’s routine). Sport can mean â€Å"engage in sport,† but as a verb it more often takes the place of wear in an emphatic sense (as in â€Å"He sported a new tie†), though it is also a synonym for jest or ridicule. As a noun, sport refers to an athletic activity, and the plural form denotes several or all such activities collectively. Sport has also been used as a friendly term for directly addressing a boy (as in the greeting â€Å"Hey, sport!†). The adjectives sporting, sportive, and sporty have distinct connotations: Sporting means â€Å"suitable for sport,† usually in the context of hunting dogs, or may refer to gambling or to risk; in a scientific context, it means â€Å"tending to mutate freely.† (The adverbial form is sportingly.) Sportive refers to sporting events, usually those conducted on a field, but it may also have a connotation of â€Å"playful† or â€Å"wanton.† (The noun form is sportiveness, and sportively is the adverbial form.) Sporty pertains to sports or people or things associated with them (or to sports cars, so named because their design and performance are inspired by race cars). Sportiness is the noun associated with this term, and the adverbial form is sportily. Export (â€Å"carry out†) and import (â€Å"carry in†) refer, as verbs, nouns, and adjectives, to goods brought into or send out from a country for sale elsewhere; in the context of computers, the terms denote movement of a file from one program to another. Passport, the word for a document that authorizes travel to one country from another, derived from the notion of being able to pass, or gain entry to, a port when traveling by ship. By extension, it also pertains to permission to go somewhere or something that enables someone to achieve acceptance or entrance. To purport (â€Å"thoroughly carry†) is to claim, or to have the appearance of something, whether valid or not; the word can also be a synonym of intend or purpose. As a noun, purport refers to the gist or substance of something or to an implicit or explicit meaning. Rapport (â€Å"carry back†) is a deep, understanding relationship between two people. Borrowed from French, in English it originally had the same meaning as report (â€Å"carry back†), which means â€Å"make a recorded, spoken, or written statement or summary† or â€Å"present an account or announcement†; a report is such a message. A reporter is a journalist who covers news (the act of reporting is also called reportage), and a court reporter records proceedings in hearings and trials. To report for duty is to show up at a designated place and time to carry out a responsibility, usually in the context of military service. To support (â€Å"carry under†) is to help with emotional, financial, physical, or verbal assistance, to advocate or corroborate, or to hold up a structure. Support is also a noun describing such assistance (supportance and supportation are two obsolete variations), and a supporter is a person or thing that provides it. Transport (â€Å"carry across†) means â€Å"convey from one place to another,† though it also has the aesthetic connotation of feeling rapturous emotion, and historically it refers to sending someone to an overseas penal colony as punishment. Someone who transports is a transporter. (The term has also been used in the Star Trek franchise to refer to a device that dematerializes and rematerializes matter to move it from one place to another.) Transport is also a noun pertaining to a vehicle or vessel that carries people and/or things, a rush of pleasurable emotion, or a convict sent to a penal colony. The act of moving people or things, or a mode of doing so, is transport or transportation, and the quality of being able to be moved is transportability; something that can be moved is transportable. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:The Yiddish Handbook: 40 Words You Should KnowHow Long Should a Paragraph Be?Affect vs. Effect

The link between poverty and teenage gang culture Essay

The link between poverty and teenage gang culture - Essay Example This group of young people are engaged in various criminal activities like graffiti, drug dealings, violence etc. The teenagers of the gang are having ethnic and socioeconomic background. The teenage gang culture started from 17th century in Britain. There are many factors involved in motivating and influencing the poor teenager in get involved in these criminal activities. The aim of doing research on this topic is to discuss and find the link between poverty and teenage gang culture. Research is mainly of two types. One is primary and another one is secondary. This research on this topic of teenage gang culture and poverty is done on the basis of secondary data. Both quantitative and qualitative research work has been done here. Relevant information is derived from different books and journals. Study of various websites is done for gathering secondary data. Primary research is done on the basis of raw data which are directly extracted from people by conducting interviews, filling up questioners, observations etc. here primary research is not done because it is very much time consuming. Moreover the target market of this topic is vast and located in different places. Therefore it becomes difficult to extract data from individuals in many cases. The main filter applied for this research paper is based on the countries. Secondary data from different westernized countries are used in this paper. I have got nine relevant sources for this topic which had described the link between poverty and teenage gang culture. The youth crime is a social problem which has become an important part of the gang culture. The young people who are not employed and do not have proper education provokes the antisocial activities. Poverty is one of the important reasons of influencing the teenager in getting involved in criminal activities. Young people in the gangs encounter dangerous situations, fear and distrust. It increases their criminal activities. According to the

Human Resource Management Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Human Resource Management - Term Paper Example The supermarket has been able to divide all its stores into five major segments depending on the location and demands of the customers. These segments are Superstores, metros, express hyper, additional home plus and anything else can be found under one roof. The express hyper shops are small in size and are located in the neighborhoods to offer food stuffs and they normally have high margins due to the small sizes of the shops while the metros are usually located at the city center. At the international level, these stores are found in the United Kingdom, Ireland, South Korea, Poland, Kenya, France, China and Hungary. Their major competitors include You deserve the best, Between us, The place to be and Amongst us supermarkets (Armstrong, 2003). The supermarket has a corporate strategy which helps it appeal to all segments of the market that is the up market, middle age and the low market range. The strategy for You n Us supermarket has been its ability to include the finest brands, middle and low priced products so as to meet all the demands and expectations of the customers. Since 2001, the supermarket has been able to market itself using the phrase â€Å"Home for Your Value† slogan to describe its principles, mission and core values both locally and internationally. It has also been able to advertise both locally and internationally using the slogan â€Å"you need it, we have it†. Most of its advertisement is done in major billboards along major highways, electronic media and the print media. In the television advertisements, they have been able to engage the services of major actors and actresses such as Look Brooke, James Upright and Young Heart (Armstrong, 2003). The supermarket is committed to corporate social responsibility by offering some of its pre-tax profits to charitable organizations, schools and community based activities. It has started a computer school for the disadvantaged in the

Describe the perceived roles and involvements of management accounting Essay

Describe the perceived roles and involvements of management accounting in supporting the decision process within the Union Carbide Pesticide Plant prior to the disaster; - Essay Example Such was the extent too great that when a week after that more than 8000 other people died with gas related ailments which were also attributed to the disaster in the same period (Ingrid 2001). Some of the main management accounting issues that can be learnt from this prior to the disaster happening can mainly be attributed the fact that the courts found the management of the UCIL(Union Carbide India Limited), the parent company responsible to be liable for negligence. This lead to their ligation and consequently finding the ex-employees liable for negligence fining them $2000 each (BBC News,2010). There were a number of cost management issues that could be identified prior to the disaster. Ingrid (2005) notes that prior to the happening of the disaster, the demand for pesticides that are made from the gas had fallen. This is said to have attributed to the build up of the gas within the firm as there was reduced use of the gas for the pesticides’ manufacure. However, the firm could not reduce the amount they were manufacturing could be mainly be associated with the break even cost of the manufacturing. Manufacturing less as per the requirement at that time could have to increased cost and thus the company decided to continue producing at that that higher rate even when less of the gas was required. Ingrid (2006) says that prior to the disaster, there had been two trade unions who had been quoted to have been complaining about the pollution within the plant. This means that the plan had not put in place a proper waste and anti pollution policies within the plan. The result had been a worker losing life after the employee was splashed with phosgene while at work. Pollution management within any organization should be planned for and costed for by the management within the organization. While it is a cost that many organizations may

Discussion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 88

Discussion - Essay Example in this case transparency will be beneficial both to me and others. This is because; transparency implies openness, correspondence, and responsibility. Transparency is working in such a route, to the point that it is simple for others to see what movements are performed. For instance, a clerk making change at a purpose of offer by isolating a clients huge bills, numbering up from the deal sum, and setting the change on the counter in such a path as to welcome the client to confirm the measure of progress exhibits transparency. I have a combined strength of enhanced sender and receiving skills. This helps me a lot in communication as it always help me achieve the purpose of communication. the two skills are vital as they the receiver gets to understand the message while the receiver makes sure the message is received and understood too. I can pass this strength to others through a meeting while discussing on how to improve the performance of the organization. The big idea I derived from this week’s discussion is effective communication that helps us better understand an individual or circumstance and empowers us to intention contrasts, assemble trust and regard, and make situations where imaginative plans, critical thinking, love, and minding can prosper. As basic as correspondence appears to be, much of what we attempt to convey to others—and what others attempt to impart to us gets misjudged, which can result in clash and dissatisfaction in particular and expert

How does adult movies affect our lives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

How does adult movies affect our lives - Essay Example But interestingly, such reactions are not pronounced in response to violence and profanity, although these are equally harmful influences. Nevertheless, while people hesitate to talk about indulgence in pornography in the public space, it continues to be a part of their private lives. (Nutt, 2010, p.91) This is not a universal rule, of course, but applies to a majority of adult male population. The degree of patronage of adult women is lesser compared to that of men. Also, adolescents of both genders watch pornography on a regular basis. Uncontested as these facts may be, they are not openly acknowledged or discussed. This essay will argue that despite muted mention of adult movies in public lives of people, it does affect them deeply in many aspects. One of the problems thrown open by the Internet is the increased chances of inadvertent exposure to pornography. Peer-to-peer networking software, which facilitates easy and quick transfer of movie files among Internet users, is proving to be the chief mode of pornography consumption among adolescents and adults alike. But the issue arises when pre-teens get accidental exposure to advertisements and landing sites for pornographic material. Considering that pornography accounts for a majority of Internet traffic, it is near impossible for a regular user of the Internet to evade this deluge. In unfortunate cases where children get exposed to it, they can become adversely affected both psychologically and physiologically, leading to problems in their family, social and academic lives. (Nutt, 2010, p.91) Psychologist Patricia Greenfield has done extensive research on the influence of adult movies on the behavior and attitudes of children and adolescents. Her findings are consistent with the stated thesis of this essay, as there is hardly anything benign about this influence. For example, in her testimony to the Congressional Committee on Government Reform, she notes that inadvertent exposure to pornography when childr en and adolescents utilize peer-to-peer file sharing networks on the Internet, can lead to a range of adverse consequences. In her assessment, pornography and related sexual media such as music videos and R-rated movies available in the Internet does influence "sexual violence, sexual attitudes, moral values, and sexual activity of children and youth." (Greenfield, 2004, p.743) For example, "A number of surveys, from junior high to college, indicate that exposure to MTV (MTV-style music video files are very common on peer-to-peer networks) and R-rated films are correlated with premarital sexual permissiveness. Experimental studies confirm that exposure to music videos such as those seen on MTV can actually liberalize attitudes toward premarital sex, and this is particularly true for girls." (Greenfield, 2004, p.743) Further, a field experiment study revealed that those adolescents (males) who viewed adult movies that hinted at positive effects of sexual aggression such as the sexual arousal of the woman, made them more accepting of aggression in sexual and non-sexual contexts. Similarly, video depictions of "sexual relations between unmarried partners - in all-pervasive characteristic of pornography—affected 13- and 14-year-olds’ moral judgments concerning premarital and extramarital sex: Their judgments became more

Speech Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Speech - Essay Example lutions to these issues are about making different choices, having priorities and that prove our ability to deliver even where money is little (Laird1999). The importance of education is known to everyone in the society. The Liberal government which I was and still is a part of promised to raise university tuition money from $2,168 to $3,793 in the period between 2012 and 2017. The government, I can assure you is still working on the education benefits to bring this course of action in place for the benefit of our own young people who we are in the making to be the masters of our own house. Our education program has been through controversies over the years while it has still developed into something substantial in the long run. It is of importance to consider programs that encourage all of Canada and Quebec as one to bring together our young people to schools. Our education system will be subsidized as the English schools were subsidized to ensure every young person in this country obtains a decent education. My government will ensure that. The numbers of children out there are encouraged to return to schools. I will also ensure schol arship programs for our students in order to create expansiveness in their studies. We shall avail necessities for free in our public institutions to ensure smooth running of curriculum matters. Seeing children not benefit from our nations resources is disheartening. We therefore emphasize that these children be encouraged to utilize the available material in schools to benefit intellectually. I’ve met a large number of people who can barely make ends meet. Families in the entire country are face quiet crisis of ever rising costs. These costs are evident in the prices of oil and in overall way routine of life. Electricity and other bills are especially high. The government has over the years worked around the issue of matters by creating the Quebec Hydro-electricity. Contribution to this investment to subsidize the costs of fuel

How does adult movies affect our lives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

How does adult movies affect our lives - Essay Example But interestingly, such reactions are not pronounced in response to violence and profanity, although these are equally harmful influences. Nevertheless, while people hesitate to talk about indulgence in pornography in the public space, it continues to be a part of their private lives. (Nutt, 2010, p.91) This is not a universal rule, of course, but applies to a majority of adult male population. The degree of patronage of adult women is lesser compared to that of men. Also, adolescents of both genders watch pornography on a regular basis. Uncontested as these facts may be, they are not openly acknowledged or discussed. This essay will argue that despite muted mention of adult movies in public lives of people, it does affect them deeply in many aspects. One of the problems thrown open by the Internet is the increased chances of inadvertent exposure to pornography. Peer-to-peer networking software, which facilitates easy and quick transfer of movie files among Internet users, is proving to be the chief mode of pornography consumption among adolescents and adults alike. But the issue arises when pre-teens get accidental exposure to advertisements and landing sites for pornographic material. Considering that pornography accounts for a majority of Internet traffic, it is near impossible for a regular user of the Internet to evade this deluge. In unfortunate cases where children get exposed to it, they can become adversely affected both psychologically and physiologically, leading to problems in their family, social and academic lives. (Nutt, 2010, p.91) Psychologist Patricia Greenfield has done extensive research on the influence of adult movies on the behavior and attitudes of children and adolescents. Her findings are consistent with the stated thesis of this essay, as there is hardly anything benign about this influence. For example, in her testimony to the Congressional Committee on Government Reform, she notes that inadvertent exposure to pornography when childr en and adolescents utilize peer-to-peer file sharing networks on the Internet, can lead to a range of adverse consequences. In her assessment, pornography and related sexual media such as music videos and R-rated movies available in the Internet does influence "sexual violence, sexual attitudes, moral values, and sexual activity of children and youth." (Greenfield, 2004, p.743) For example, "A number of surveys, from junior high to college, indicate that exposure to MTV (MTV-style music video files are very common on peer-to-peer networks) and R-rated films are correlated with premarital sexual permissiveness. Experimental studies confirm that exposure to music videos such as those seen on MTV can actually liberalize attitudes toward premarital sex, and this is particularly true for girls." (Greenfield, 2004, p.743) Further, a field experiment study revealed that those adolescents (males) who viewed adult movies that hinted at positive effects of sexual aggression such as the sexual arousal of the woman, made them more accepting of aggression in sexual and non-sexual contexts. Similarly, video depictions of "sexual relations between unmarried partners - in all-pervasive characteristic of pornography—affected 13- and 14-year-olds’ moral judgments concerning premarital and extramarital sex: Their judgments became more

The Vietnam War and its Effect on American Society Essay Example for Free

The Vietnam War and its Effect on American Society Essay The Vietnam War was started by President Eisenhower. He was the first to involve the United States in the conflict between North and South Vietnam, by putting in CIA operatives and military advisors in South Vietnam (ushistory). The USs involvement grew with every passing president. President Kennedy was the first to put soldiers in Vietnam. Johnson orders the first official combat of the United States soldiers. Finally, the war ended after eighteen years after it was declared by President Richard Nixon. The war had a lasting effect on all parties involved. The US lost its first war, the objective of stopping communism from spreading failed. The war was also the first that the people and soldiers couldnt look back on with pride of a sense of accomplishment (Hochgesang, Lawyer, Stevenson 1). Due to the government’s secrecy and over reach of power, a distrust of the United States government, as an institution, grew that still exists today. The fall out of the war had massive, negative impacts on south East Asian countries. More countries would fall to communism. The devastation of the war caused economic repercussions that still effect countries today. Not only did the war cause lasting damage multiple countries, but it allowed situations that caused the death, slaughter, and starvation of millions in the years following the war (sparknotes). The Vietnam War was started based on the Domino Theory. This theory was adopted by President Eisenhower; it concisely stated that if South Vietnam fell to communism, many other South East Asia countries would become more accepting of communism and eventually adopt it (vietnamawbb 1). â€Å"If Indochina falls, Thailand is put in an almost impossible position. The same is true of Malaya with its rubber and tin. The same is true of Indonesia. If this whole part of South East Asia goes under Communist domination or Communist influence, Japan, who trades and must trade with this area in order to exist must inevitably be oriented towards the Communist regime† (vietnamawbb 1) The Domino effect was the driving force for the Vietnam  War. With the end of World War II, the USSR was the greatest threat to Democracy and Capitalism. Vietnam, being in a centralized location, allowed many of the trade routes of South East Asian countries to pass through it. Many traders would have to come into contact with the political and economic structure within Vietnam, and through this eventually communism as a form of government would have to be accepted. The involvement of the United States lead more counties fall to communism. If the United States had not been so reckless with its military investment less countries would have turned to communist governments. The United States was the first domino in the South East Asian countries establishing communistic governments. American leadership viewed communism as an economic and legal philosophy that destroys justice and enslaves men (Nixon 1). This perception, along with the military threats that the communist countries posed at the time, made communism the enemy of freedom and Democracy. The people of the United States had always fought for freedom: The Revolutionary War, The Civil War, World War I, and World War II. Now the world saw the new face of oppression, Communism. That drove the people and the politicians to purposely involve themselves in the Vietnam conflict. The eighteen year war was a complete and utter failure. It cost the American people billions of dollars, almost 60,000 Americans lives and hundred thousands more were injured. The war did not accomplish what it was supposed to do, the objective, stopping communism spreading to South Vietnam, was not achieved. Within two years of the United States ending its military involvement the north took over the south and annexed it forming the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (ushistory 1). In fact, due to the desperate measures that the US took to try and rout the enemy caused, neighboring countries, Laos and Cambodia to fall to Communism. In March of 1969 the United States started a carpet bombing campaign that would last four years. Authorized by President Nixon the operation was kept secret from congress and the American people. Along with the bombing campaign the US also invaded both Laos and Cambodia. The goal of both operations was to disrupt supply lines that aided North Vietnam. In 1973, the carpet bombing campaign became public knowledge and was stopped due to public opinion. This massive bombing displaced almost thirty percent of the populations from both countries,  causing massive instability of the governments there (rabble 1). Through the USs involvement in those countries, communist government were established. Only through the USs bombing campaign and invasion were the communist rebels were able to take over the weakened governments. Another failure and another domino falling because of the United States. A Large Part of the Vietnam War that cause a major change in American society was the discovery and recognition of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder or PTSD and the physical disabilities that many soldiers received during the war. It begins with an event in which the individual is threatened with his or her own death or the destruction of a body part, to such humiliation that their personal identity may be lost.(Hochgesang, Lawyer, Stevenson 1). This is the definition of the traumatic event that causes PTSD. Symptoms include feeling: helplessness, worthlessness, dejection, anger, depression, insomnia, and a tendency to react to tense situations by using survival tactics (Hochgesang, Lawyer, Stevenson 1). PTSD wasnt identified until the 80s (Hochgesang, Lawyer, Stevenson 1). When thousands of Vietnam veterans were reporting the same symptoms. The effects of PTSD usually dont appear until about a year after the traumatic experience, this along with a limited understanding of the human psyche, made it easy for the government to disregard PTSD (Hochgesang, Lawyer, Stevenson 1). The governments disregard for the veterans mental health caused resentment toward the Government, for using them and then not taking care of them after the war. In Vietnam, not only were psychological problems but physical problems like, the massive drug problem among the soldiers. At the start of the war Marijuana was widely used and the soldiers first choice. Then the media found out that drugs were in mass usage in the United States military, the government quickly banned the smoking to marijuana to stop the bad press that came from the drug. Soon after, many soldiers turned to heroin for their fix. This switch was enjoyed by many soldiers because of the different effects of the drugs marijuana slowed down the perception of time, heroin sped up the perception of time. The drugs and alcohol in Vietnam were so inexpensive that they were easily taken to try and forget the horrors that they saw on the battlefield (Hochgesang, Lawyer, Stevenson 1). But with the return of the soldiers to the United States, many had addictions that were exponentially harder to maintain because of the stricter drugs laws in the  US. Most veterans were still too young to buy alcohol in the United States. One of the worst things by far that came from the many publicized addiction employers used serving Vietnam as evidence of a drug addiction, and were refused employment (Hochgesang, Lawyer, Stevenson 1). The movement against the Vietnam War did become widely popularized until 1965 (History 1). Contrary to what many people believe before 1965, there was wide spread support of the war. Only two congressmen voted against president Johnson waging war against north Vietnam (ushistory 1). The student lead protests had the most support during 1968 after a successful North offensive. Over 40,000 men were forced into service each month, through the governments usage of the draft (history 1). This only cause less and less support for the war form the people. The Tet Offensive in January of 1968 was a serious blow to US moral. By February of 1968 only thirty five percent approved of the war and fifty percent actively disapproved of it. Many war veterans joined in the anti-war protest (history 1). As more and more people joined in protest, and more and more information was revealed about the war crimes and horrors that happened in Vietnam, support for the war rapidly decreased until President Nixon announced the end to the USs involvement in the conflict (history 1). The amount of protests that ended in violence and deaths of protesters caused approval of the government to plummet. The United States hiding operations from the American people, like the bombing and invasion of Laos and Cambodia, cause an ingrained distrust of the government in issues like transparences and being morally just that has lasted decades. Over all, the Vietnam war was a failure for United States. The government failed to secure public support of the war after, their promises of a quick war fell short. Not only did they not secure it, they lost support of the American people in the later years of the conlict. The American government made an entire generation of veterans feel like they were tools to be used and thrown away. The Government did not recognize a massive disorder that thousands to veterans got during the war. They lost the trust of generations. The War also cost tens of thousands American lives and destroyed Millions more after the US left the conflict. The wars objective also failed, Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia all established communist government in the years following the war. The Vietnam War was an overall failure and disappointment that still effects people today.

Sectors Involved in the Construction Industry

Sectors Involved in the Construction Industry Task 1 Identify and explain two types of sectors involved in our construction industry. Describe the relationship of size organization and production of work carried out. Give an example for the relevant situation in construction industry. Private sector The private sector is usually privately owned and not part of the government organizations. These often include companies (including profit and non-profit), partnerships and charities. A simple way to think about the private sector to consider this thing is not owned or operated by a government organization. For example, retail stores, credit unions, and local companies will work in the private sector. Sources: (The Difference Between the Private and Public Sector 2014)       Generally, the size of the organization for the private is smaller compare to public sector. The reason is because the staff of the private sector is lesser, therefore the workability will be not that effective compare to the public sector. Besides that, the capital of the private sector is lesser, therefore the private sector dont have any funding to hired the skill and experience of the staff to help. Due to so many factor that I mention, the production of work carried out is lesser due to the size of the organization is smaller, capital is lesser, skillful and experience staff is lesser and etc. One of the example for the private sector in construction industry is build a hotel in Istanbul, which is Conrad International Hotel. Due to the organization of the private sector is small, therefore build the residential building or commercial building is more suitable, because the area that the building will used is fixing and not that big. (Sources: The Private Sector and Development: Five Case Studies 1998). Diagram 1: Conrad International Hotel (Sources: Conrad International Hotel 1998) Public Sector The public sector is usually owned and operated by government agencies of. This includes federal, provincial, state or municipal governments, depending on where you live. Privacy legislation requires organizations in the public sector are usually public institutions or public institutions. Some examples of public institutions in Canada and the United Kingdom are educational institutions, healthcare institutions, public road, police and prison services, local and central government agencies and departments. Sources: (The Difference Between the Private and Public Sector 2014) Normally, the size of the organization for the public sector is more bigger and more legend compare to the private sector. Therefore the production of work carried out by the public sector will be bigger and better due to the capital of the public sector is more. Therefore, they have enough funding to hired the staff which is skillful and high experience of the work. Besides due to the size of the public sector is bigger, thus the staff will be more, therefore the workability of the public sector is better and more effectiveness compare with the private sector. Therefore the production of the public sector is better than private sector. While for the public sector, the example of the construction industry for the public sector is highway project, which is the Seven River and estuary between the England and Wales. For this kind of size of the project normally is develop by the public sector. Due to the public sector have more experience and skillful staff and the capital is more bigger that private sector. So for the civil engineer project like highway, railway normally is public sector construct. And the area of the highway project will be move to another area, which is means the areas that involved will be bigger, to the public sector to construct this kind of the project will be more suitable compare to private sector Sources: (Case Studies of Transportation Public-Private Partnerships around the world 2007) Diagram 2: Highway project in England and Wales (Source: Seven river Bridge 2013) Task 2 a) Identify at least two projects carried out to enhance economy of the country. Residential Project A Residential Project is a minimum of 5 days, 4 nights away from home on a shared activity with people youve never met before. It only has to be done once, and can be done at any time while you are working towards any level of The Award. An example of residential project is terrace house, bungalow, apartment and condominiums. Sources: (Residential Project Ideas 2015) One of the case study that for residential project, which is located at KLCC area which is just located just right opposite the KLCC park. The name of the building which is call Park Seven. Park seven is a luxurious high-end condominium. This building is built by the SDB (Selangor Dredging Berhad). The size of the room per unit is around 2,257 sq ft which is 3 rooms. And the building is be complete at 2007. The price of the building is RM640 per sq ft during 2008 but during 2009 the price is quickly rose to more than RM1,000 per sq ft. But from now it was around RM1,500 per sq ft. Sources:( Seven Park 2014) Civil Engineering Project Civil engineering projects involving the environment or change the structure of significant construction and renovation projects. An example of civil engineering projects built may have been used to generate electricity and provide flood control and irrigation control, while climate change might involve beach nourish and protect the coastline Station. Civil engineering projects have occurred in a very different scale around the world. Some examples of civil engineering projects include: updating a city sewage treatment system to accommodate the growing population, the construction of the canal, the construction of a bridge, widening the roadway earthquake reconstruction, restoration of wetlands, as well as private homes, so that they meet local building codes. The case study that I found for civil engineering project is Lebuhraya Kajang Seremban (Lekas highway). It is a highway which is a new dual three lane highway between Kajang and Seremban. South direction through the general, LEKAS immediately begin Kajang Ring Road in the south cloverleaf interchange, ending Paroi, in Seremban, Negeri Sembilan Khusus home branch. Highway concession granted LEKAS in November 2006, and IJM Corporation Berhad and KASEH Private Limited as a shareholder. The project is be complete at December 2009. With the 44.3 km long, LEKAS an effective toll highway in the heart of Kuala Lumpur between the eastern and the hibiscus. Alignment by Kajang, Semenyih, Pajam, Wending, Setul and highly developed areas Paroi pass. LEKAS is an open toll system Kajang and Setul and Setul and Paroi between, including close three mainline toll charging system and three off ramp toll station. Sources: ( Lekas Highway 2015) b) Describe the specific economic reasons of the projects mention in (a). Residential Project The specific benefit of economic that the residential project bring to our country is first to provide a place for the people to live. Residential building like terrace house or apartment. It is a place which is let the people have their activities with their family or their friends. Besides, it also provide a policy for each of the family. Second is it also provide the economic for the country, which is call taxes. The government will using taxes to improve our country economic. Normally, for the terrace house the taxes will be more cheaper compare to the bungalow. The taxes that is charge for the residential building is assessment tax. It is a local property tax, which is based on the annual rental value of the property. It is determined by the local government, usually in the ratio of six percent of the residential property, is paid in two installments each year. Therefore the taxes that charge by government is the one of the economy growth. Therefore the government will use the money at others economy way. Therefore, if the government known how to use the money, it will improve our country economic growth. Third, for those high rise residential building like apartment or flat. This can reduce the land use, while it can increase the human occupancy in a building. Therefore, the government could utilize the land more economically. Example, like Kuala Lumpur, there are less land but they are many people is working and stay there. Therefore, to solve this problem, the government uses the land to construct the high rises buildings like condominium or apartment, so the people who work in KL have the enough place to live and continue their works. Highway Project While the specific economic that the highway project bring to our country is to shorter the period that from one place going to other place. For example like, from our college legenda, Mantin going back to my home, Serdang Raya, if using the normal road the duration to reach my home is around one and a half hour (1h30m). But if I going home with the highway, the duration that reach my home is only forty-five minute (45m). Therefore the highway is help us to save a lot of time in our destination. Because, it also easy to access. Which is means, if we want to go Perak, we using highway to go, but let say we miss the first junction to go Perak, but we still got second or third junction to go. Therefore, in Malaysia, we will lost, because any place also have highway. So it let the people easy to access any place that we want to go. Last, since the highway got so many advantages but it also looks like not helping our country economic. Therefore, in some of the place we have a toll to collecting the money to increase our country economic. For example for place which have toll; Sungai Besi highway, Seremban highway, Kajang highway, and etc. Each of the places, have the toll to collect the users money to improve our economics. Task 3 a) List the two (2) major category of policy Fiscal Policy It is referred to as involving taxes (taxes) and expenditure (expenditure) government policy. Changes in the level of taxation and government spending will affect aggregate demand (AD) and the level of economic activity. The role of fiscal policy to stimulate economic growth recession. In addition, it is also stable economic growth and prevent chest economic cycle. There are two types of fiscal policies: expansionary policies and austerity. Involving expansionary policy increases AD austerity policies, including in the year dropped Monetary Policy It is used by central banks to control the amount of money in the economy, which in turn will affect the interest rate tool. It involves the use of interest rates or other monetary tools to control the level of consumer spending. Monetary policy to promote economic stability and growth by providing interest rate. Its purpose is to stabilize prices, ensure a low level of unemployment. There are two types of monetary policy: monetary policy and tight monetary policy. Loose policy may reduce interest rates and tightening policy will increase interest rates to reduce inflation level. b) State the characteristics of both policy Fiscal Policy First, the policy of this issue, in order to promote investment in the economy is more focused on peoples livelihood. Although the investment is still the main means of expanding domestic economy, policy is more important at this time pay attention to peoples livelihood, or low-income groups on this measure at least five to ten, for example, to build more affordable housing, accelerate infrastructure construction in rural areas, speed up to promote poverty reduction and improve the development of health care, culture and education, speed up the ecological construction, sewage and garbage disposal, pollution prevention and post-disaster relief and reconstruction. Secondly characteristics is the income of urban and rural residents and improve the tax system reform includes measures to expand domestic demand in the first. All regions and sectors will be fully and VAT reform progress, encourage technical reform, about 120 companies and one billion yuan loans to ease the burden on enterprises. It is considered a huge leap forward. In the future, it will also reduce income wage earners, self-employed and small businesses, expand the circle of consumption subsidies for urban and rural residents, to focus more on improving consumer credit, in order to stimulate consumer demand. Third, the new policy combined with a long-term and short-term goals. This will help promote economic growth and structural adjustment, to encourage independent innovation, to support the development of high-tech, technological advances and services. In addition, the new policy also combined to expand investment and stimulate consumption, and proposed the establishment of primary health care system, such as construction, speed up renovation in high school and middle school in western China, to promote the cultural construction of special education schools measure centers in rural areas, speed up the affordable housing and low-cost housing, reconstruction of houses and herdsmen dangerous construction of settlements, as well as to speed up construction of rural infrastructure. These measures will help to boost consumption and economic growth, and build a well-off and harmonious society. Sources: (Three Characteristics make fiscal policy more effective 2008) Monetary Policy First characteristic is consideration. IJ Macfarlane, Reserve Bank of Australia to recognize speech in 2002, no one likes the high interest rates, people tend to be regarded as evidence of bad monetary policy. However, high interest rates may be necessary in high-inflation economy. In such an environment of low interest rates will only exacerbate the problem, Macfarlane said adding that low interest rates, but it is necessary in some cases, often means an unhealthy economy. Second is prevention/ or solution. In a healthy economic good monetary policy requires the central bank to strike a very high interest rates to choke healthy economic growth and low inflation, interest rates are not included among the compromise, according to McFarlane. This may require the central bank to determine the annual growth rate of potential health and targeted inflation rate. In this case, monetary policy will focus on a constant currency growth rate, which is consistent with the target level of GDP growth and inflation. Last is perspective. In addition to setting targets for economic growth and inflation, monetary policy should follow a point of view, taking into account the whole economy, not the performance of a particular sector. McFarlane noted that the housing sector as an example, he said, the price is higher, making it more difficult for a young couple to buy a home reflects the problem of the distribution of wealth, rather than the symptoms, monetary policy should be addressed. Sources: (Characteristics of Good Monetary Policy 2015) c) Using the specific project (s) as example, justify the importance of government involvement in the project and construction industry by considering both of the policy. What is the importance of the government involvement in the project and construction industry. The importance of the government involvement in the construction industry is first some of the project like, government building or the civil engineer building like highway, bridge or etc. Before the company, construct the specific building, they must get the approval like the JKR or PWD (Public Work Department) which is from the government or public company. If the company construct the building without approval by government like JKR or PWD the building will call as a illegal project. So the company have to register to the government and get the duty stem stamping by the government only can start the project. Therefore this is one of the importance that the government have to involve to the construction industry. Due to the construction industry is play significant role in the economic growth. So the benefit of the government involved in construction industry is to improve the economics of the country. While this is considering to the Fiscal policy. Fiscal policy is means the government can increase or decrease the taxation, subsidy and spending to stabilize the economic growth. When the government is applying the fiscal policy, it tends to stimulate the aggregate the production and it boost up the income. Therefore this is the benefit of the government involved in the construction industry. Therefore, the taxes also is one of the income to improve the economics in the country. Besides that, Monetary policy also is involved in construction industry by the government. Sometimes the project is very big like highway, therefore the cost that have to spend is much more higher. Therefore, the government sometimes will not enough funding to continue project. Because the government is not only got one project, sometimes it got few project in one times, therefore they will not enough funding to continue for the project. So the government will borrow the loan from the bank which is including the interest rate. Because the bank got long term loan and short term loan, So for the big project, normally the company will select the long term loan. So the government can borrow the loan from the bank, therefore it got enough funding to continue the process of the projects. In my summary, I will suggest the public and private sector combined together as a Public-private partnership. The reason is because, although the private sector have a lot of funding to the construction site, but private sector got a lot of document is complete like the stamping. While for the public sector/ or government, although there got the complete document for the construction but they dont have enough of funding to continue for their previous project. Therefore to solve the problem for this both types of sector, combined both of the company is the best way. Bibliography Characteristics of Good Monetary Policy, (2015), [Online], Available at: http://www.ehow.com/info_7880452_characteristics-good-monetary-policy.html [Accessed on 15 May 2015] Case Studies of Transportation Public-Private Partnerships around the world, (2007), [Online], Available at: http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/ipd/pdfs/int_ppp_case_studies_final_report_7-7-07.pdf [Accessed on 2nd May 2015] Lekas Highway,  (2015), [Online], Available at: http://www.ijm.com/infrastructure/toll/LEKAS/corporate.asp [19 May 2015] Park Seven (2014), [Online], Available at: http://klcccondominiums.com.my/park-seven/ [ 19 May 2015] Residential Project Ideas (2015), [Online], Available at: http://www.dukeofed.org/ab/residential-projectvolunteer-opportunities [Accessed on 7 May 2015] The Difference Between the Private and Public Sector, (2014), [Online], Available at: http://www.privacysense.net/difference-between-private-public-sector/ [Accessed on 29 April 2015] Three Characteristics make fiscal policy more effective, (2008), [Online], Available at: http://en.people.cn/90001/90780/6536000.html [Accessed on 16 May 2015] The Private Sector and Development: Five Case Studies, (1998), [Online], Available at:http://wwwwds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/IW3P/IB/2002/02/16/000094946_02020504015321/Rendered/PDF/multi0page.pdf [Accessed on 1st May 2015]

Influenza in New York :: Journalism Health Medical Spanish Flu Essays

Influenza in New York NEW YORK: October 5.--The influenza virus is a common disease, which has been prevalent in society for many years. This year however we are seeing an influenza epidemic hitting not only the United States but also the entire world. This strain of influenza has been named "Spanish Influenza" and is much more volatile and deadly than the usual strain of influenza. The common influenza strain usually surfaces in the cold months of winter and this strain is no different, however it is unusually deadly. The fatality rate is much higher for people ages 15-45 compared to the common influenza, which is usually fatal for the young and old. This makes this particular strain of influenza much different and therefore is causing an epidemic and a certain state of panic across the globe. Here in New York it seems that the Spanish influenza was brought to the city by merchant mariners who were shipping in from the war front in Europe. It seems that Spanish influenza is spreading so quickly because of the war. With so many soldiers in tight quarters and in the trenches the disease is able to spread much quicker than before. These soldiers are coming home from the war to cities such as ours and unfortunately are bringing the virus with them. This is causing the spread of Spanish influenza not only through the military but also into the civilian population. Due to the rapid spread of the disease, many steps are being taken by the Public Health Department to try to curb the rapid spread into the civilian population. These actions may seem severe but they are necessary in order to make sure New York has as few fatalities from this epidemic as possible. The first step being taken is quarantining those coming in from Europe who are showing symptoms of the virus or have been in close contact with anyone else showing the symptoms. This is to ensure that these people do not ride in public transportation and transfer the virus to unsuspecting civilians. People are also being inspected for the influenza virus at railroad stations across the city. This is to ensure that the infected do not ride the train and pass the virus on to not only the people on board but also to the population of their destination city.

Comparing the Nomothetic and Idiographic Approaches as They Apply to th

Thesis Statement: The most differences between the idiographic and nomothetic approach are measurements and development. Introduction: In the following essay, we discuss different theoretical perspectives from Nomothetic and Idiographic approach. How they apply to both Personality (pattern of behavior and thinking) and Intelligence (thinking and behavior). Arguments for both sides are base on what psychologists generally use them as, because some might disagrees with the usage of the word nomothetic and idiographic, orientated by Kantian and Wilhelm Windelband. Outline nomothetic, idiographic approach and personality "Personality is the dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine his or her characteristic behavior or thought" Allport 1961 p.18 Psychologists who adopt nomothetic approach are mainly concerned with what we share with others, but differ in degree. Establishing universal laws where all populations are describe and measure on the same set of dimensions and scale, i.e., trait theory. Psychologists, who adopt idiographic approach interested in the aspect of experience over time, discover what makes each of us unique. Theoretically, they can be coherent, because the nomothetic approach also agrees with this 'uniqueness,' as it measures differences in degree. Outline intelligence Psychologists relied on statistical results because it involves vast number of people, making it reliable. Intelligence is a behavior or thinking produced by our personality; some say it is whatever intelligence measures. Intelligent theories also argue if it is a divergent or unity ability, yet some argue about even considering it as a part of personality. Personalities like intelli... ...ctors, not environment. Nomothetic approach suggests that this is because everyone is generally the same. Yet intelligence is poor when environment is poor - idiographic explain this as it stress social influence, but nomothetic would ignore this factor. Conclusion 'The choice between them depends not on which one is right, but what we wish to know' David C. Funder p.518 The two approaches are similar in what they would take into account. It is difficult to draw a clear line just on the theoretical approach. Distinction came from research procedures because it clearly demonstrates the disagreement on the origin for both intelligence and personality. It is as David said 'what we wish to know' is causing differences in what is produce in targeted experiments, it is therefore clearer to see when you look at experiments from two different approach.

Elizabeth Gaskell and Industrialization Essay

Two of Elizabeth Gaskell’s novels—North and South and Mary Barton—provide a critical insight into the author’s attempt at probing the issues surrounding industrialization in Victorian England. Apart from the fact that both novels feature female characters as protagonists, they also highlight the classic struggle between rich and poor classes in the face of an emerging industrial society. Without losing track of the flow of the stories’ plots, Gaskell is able to incorporate the vital aspects of industrialization. In North and South, Elizabeth Gaskell writes about the struggles of the urban working class in industrial England, specifically in its northern regions, during the 19th century in contrast to the lifestyles of those who live in the wealthier south. Because the story is shown from the perspective of the heroine, Margaret Hale, Gaskell is able to display the other side of the stereotypes attributed to women during the 19th century. For the most part, women at that time were barely able to face their personal circumstances and address them on their own. Margaret Hale, however, defies the notion that women largely depend on men just to live. She initially resists that belief by rejecting romantic proposals—a move that shows how she is in control of her life—and displays it at its highest when she throws her arms around John Thornton in an effort to protect him from the angry mob. The latter indicates that it is not always women who seek the protection of men because women can also protect men even at the expense of such women. As Patsy Stoneman indicates in her book Elizabeth Gaskell, â€Å"[Margaret Hale] confronts the fact that men of all classes are governed, in the public sphere, by a masculine code,† a code that effectively prevents the characteristic of tenderness attributed to females (Stoneman, p. 86). Margaret’s willingness to protect Thornton does not only imbibe the thought that women are tender and should not be harmed. It also presents the idea that women—especially those who are considered outsiders to industrial areas such as Milton—can also learn to sympathize with the people who are working under poverty. The incident in the story where the workers were in a strike against Thornton, the local mill owner, also underlines the idea that an outsider can relate to the woes and conditions of the workers more than those who are directly involved in the industrial system. Another interesting aspect of Gaskell’s thematic exploration of industrialization in North and South is how she was able to reunite, in a manner of speaking, the classes considered as polar opposites. As Dorice Williams Elliott observes in her article: â€Å"the novel bases its case for women’s mediation between classes on an analogy between marriage and class cooperation† (Elliott, p. 25). The presence of the outsider, Margaret, in the industrial town makes it possible for the marriage between the classes to commence. Margaret became no less than a person who paved the way for the better understanding between the rich and poor divide although her presence alone did not entirely dissolve the prevalent disparity. Elliott’s observation that Margaret’s mediation led to class cooperation simply reaffirms the idea that ‘class cooperation† in itself still presumes differences between social classes. In Mary Barton, the disparities between the rich and the poor classes take the shape of the story of a father who seeks to protect his daughter from becoming a fallen woman. Like Margaret Hale in North and South, the story revolves around the life and struggles of Mary Barton in Victorian England. John Barton, Mary’s father, is a millworker who lost most of the members of his family except Mary. One interesting part of the story is when John shot Henry Carson, the son of a rich mill owner. Being someone who deeply questions the wealth disparities between rich and poor—largely because he was â€Å"chairman at many a Trade’s Union meeting; a friend of delegates,† someone who was â€Å"ambitious of being a delegate himself† and a â€Å"Chartist† who was â€Å"ready to do anything for his order† (Gaskell, p. 25)—John’s murder of Henry symbolizes how the members of the poor class sometimes grow desperate. The story is ingenious in the sense that it perfectly subsumes the issues surrounding industrialization in Victorian England into the tale of a woman’s quest for love. Mary Barton is a classic example of how Gaskell effectively writes about the problems caused by industrialization in Victorian England without losing sight of the story’s plot. Despite the debates as to whether Gaskell’s novels genuinely reflect the true nature of the Victorian English society during the onset of the industrial period, it should be reminded that what her novels do is to give a fictional account of the problems people face when dealing with people from another social class. Susan Morgan writes that â€Å"the criterion of likelihood is an inappropriate approach to Gaskell’s work† (Morgan, p. 44). For example, â€Å"it may have well been unlikely in Manchester for relations between worker and employer to find solutions through individual friendships† (Morgan, p. 44). Whatever reasons there may be as to why Gaskell wrote as she did, it is enough to note that North and South and Mary Barton capture the struggles of fictional characters in the face of industrialization. The novels may be fiction at best, yet the circumstance they suggests—the epic divide between rich and poor—remains as real today as it once was. Works Cited Elliott, Dorice Williams. â€Å"The Female Visitor and the Marriage of Classes in Gaskell’s North and South. † Nineteenth-Century Literature 49. 1 (1994): 21-49. Gaskell, Elizabeth Cleghorn. Mary Barton. Ed. Shirley Foster. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006. Morgan, Susan. â€Å"Gaskell’s Heroines and the Power of Time. † Pacific Coast Philology 18. 1/2 (1983): 43-51. Stoneman, Patsy. Elizabeth Gaskell. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1987.

Rivera’s Pan American Unity: Economic Themes from the North and South

Throughout the late 1920’s many American patrons of the arts had attempted to bring the famous Mexican muralist, Diego Rivera, to the United States for commissioned works. It wasn’t until September of 1930 that Rivera finally arrived in San Francisco to paint. His wife, the famous painter Frida Khalo, whom he had recently married, accompanied him. Fellow artist and instructor at the California Academy of Arts, Ralph Stackpole, had recommended to Timothy Pflueger that he use Rivera for a new project he was working on, the Pacific Stock Exchange. This turned out to be a fruitful relationship with the successful completion of Allegory of California, in the stock exchange building. Nearly 10 years later and his last appearance in the US, Pflueger asked Rivera to return to San Francisco to be part of Golden Gate International Exposition of 1939/40. The fruit of those laborers is his Pan American Unity, the themes of which will be explored in further detail here. Timothy Pflueger commissioned the painting, Pan American Unity. It was a replacement for an art exhibit of European masters on loan for 1939. Pflueger was a well-known architect in San Francisco, having built the Medical Dental Skyscraper on Sutter and worked on the Pacific Stock Exchange building. Jeremy Long LALS – 14 Landau July 6, 2014 Rivera’s painting are often controversial and spark debate in all kinds of circles, whether it be for his political affiliations or the subject matter of the paintings themselves. In a way, Pan American Unity avoids some of this controversy with his themes of unification and harmony. One might think that the North and South, in this case the United States and Mexico, stand diametrically opposed to one another, but Rivera sought to unite them in common themes. He showed how the labors of the Mexican farmers and ingenious people were not that dis-similar from the backbreaking work of the Detroit autoworkers. Most, if not all, scenes depicted show Mexicans and Americans side by side through their struggles for freedom. The theme of economic differences between the North and South are evident in the many portrayals of the Mexican people, who are most often seen in traditional dress of centuries past. On the other hand, the American people are shown as a fully modern people with technology and ingenuity. The two ideas aren’t completely contradictory and Rivera seems to imply that you cannot have one without the other. The technology of the present is only informed by the progress of the ast and the same will be true of our future. Both America and Mexico have much to learn from and share with the other and only in this way can we truly achieve a greatness beyond the accomplishments of today. In another section of the mural, Stalin and Hitler are reviled for their crimes, creeping like a noxious gas over the painting stand in opposition to the Founding Fathers of the United States; a very interesting view point from an avowed socialist and often communist leader of Mexico. Somewhat of a local celebrity at the time, a City College of San Francisco diver appears twice in the painting, springing from the center of the painting and arching over the figures below as fountain of hope and prosperity. Even his patron, Pflueger, makes an appearance in the painting, being shown with blueprints directing the construction of his now famous office building. While Pflueger died before he could find a permanent place for Rivera’s great and last work in San Francisco, his son, whom assumed the duties of design for the City College of San Francisco and the changes necessary to allow for the display of Rivera’s work. Diego Rivera’s Pan American Unity, strove to strike a balance between the natural forces of this world and the human desires of good and evil. He accomplished this by including elements of the North’s technological dominance, the South’s agricultural heritage, the evils of Nazism and Stalinism, and the eloquence and beauty of nature and the Bay Area, which all combine to strengthen the economic message of the painting’s central them of unity.