Abortion Should Be Illegal Essay Plan Essay

How would you feel if someone took away your ability to live? Imagine not having any say in whether or not you want to have a life. That is how aborted babies are treated, which is why abortion should be illegal. Abortion is the ending of pregnancy by the removal or forcing out from the womb of a fetus before it is able to survive on its own. If a woman decides to abort her baby, the baby cannot do anything about their life being taken away from them, and their entire future is demolished. Abortion is murder. The embryo is a person from the moment of conception. According to Shettles, â€Å"Scientists identify the first moment of human life as that instant when a sperm cell unites with an ovum or egg cell† (18). Most pro-choice supporters do not believe the fetus is a person until the first or second trimester. Pro-choice people do not think abortion is murder because they consider the aborted fetus a mass or cells or tissue (Shettles 20). Abortion is the taking of innocent human life, which is wrong under virtually any circumstances. See more: Basic Economic problem of Scarcity Essay An unborn baby is more than potential life. An unborn baby is meaningful human life that should not be considered expendable. After conception, no event occurs in the development of the fetus that indicates a change in the fetus from not being human to becoming one (Foster 33). Human life begins with conception. A middle-aged person, a teenager, and an unborn baby are all in stages of human life. Killing the unborn baby is no more justifiable than killing the two other people. Abortion is a practice that should be prohibited by law because it basically amounts to murder. Another reason why I don’t support abortion is because it can harm the mother as well. You are highly risking the mother’s life and affecting her. Not only does it have an effect on the USA but, it affects other countries as well like Spain. According to psychiatrist and member of the Right to Life Committee, Carmen Gà ³mez-Lavà ­n states that: â€Å"Sixty five percent of women who abort suffer symptoms of post-traumatic stress syndrome after undergoing the procedure.† Many women are regretting that choice around the world making it a controversial issue.

Western Lowland Gorillas

Western Lowland Gorillas October 23, 2009 Introduction: When I was around 14, I saw one of the best movies. The movie was Gorillas in The Mist, starting Sigourney Weaver as Dian Fossey. It was one of the most impressive movies of my life. My step-mother at the time notice how must I liked the movie and game me her very well torn copy of Gorillas in the Mist to read. I still have that book and since the first time I read it, I have been fascinated with these great apes. This is way I believe they deserve funding to help them off of the endangered species list. Western Lowland Gorillas: Biological Needs: However, in west Africa, where fruits tend to makes up the majority of the gorilla's diet compared to those that live in east Africa. Groups of gorillas living in west Africa normally split into temporary feeding subgroups but are less common in east Africa, as animals range far apart searching for the relatively scarce ripe fruit. There are some reports of sleeping subgroups however, they are rare. This may occur in the process of permanent splitting of a multi-male groups into two single male groups. Groups usually can range from 5 to 10 individuals, but some groups can accumulate as many as 20 to 32 animals. Csomos, 2008) Habitat: The habitat of the Western Lowland Gorilla is made up of primarily rainforests, swamp forest, thickets, forest edges, and clearings. Western Gorillas have been seen nesting in along the Savannah forest edge or in the Savannah itself. Although they visit the Savannah, it is not a permanent habitat for them. Western Gorillas inhabit areas that are typicall y lowland tropical forest at sea-level and up to 1,300 mm. (Beudels-Jamer, 2008) Food: Other Life Forms and Interrelations: Human Intrusions: Humans are the gorilla’s greatest threat. Human intrusions of the gorilla’s habitats have caused a decline of the species. The three main threats that humans pose, commercial hunting, logging of the forest (which has increased poaching) and Human illnesses like the Ebola virus. According to studies recent annual rate of decline in the gorillas was 4. 7 percent and mortality rates caused by the Ebola virus were as high as 80 percent. The gorillas DNA is 98 percent the same has humans. Any flu or virus a human can carry or transmit the gorillas can catch. Since they live away from humans, any virus or flu can be deadly to them. The gorilla’s immune system does not have the ability to defend against any virus or flu that has been transmitted from humans. (Cosmos, 2008) Current Safeguards and Protections: Additional Measures: Going Unchecked: The Congo basin has been recognized as a globally important factor in inter-continental weather patterns and for maintaining climate stability. The COMIFAC Convergence and the Congo Basin Forest Partnership have joined forces to protect the whole Congo Basin ecosystem. They will tack the carbon sequestration and storage, rainfall generation and the areas bio-diversity. The Western Lowland Gorillas ecological role must be taken into account. The Western Lowland Gorillas are keystone species in their forest habitats, so their protection is essential to long-term management of the Congo basin. (Cosmos, 2008) Conclusion: Reference Page: Beudels-Jamer, R. (2008) Western Lowland Gorilla. Retriever on September 25, 2009 from www. yog2009. org September 25, 2009 from www. animaldiversity. unnz. unnz. edu Western Lowland Gorilla Profile, (na) (nd) Retrieved on September 25, 2009 from www. animal. nationalgeographic. com

Identify and assess the significance of three factors that contributed to American westward movement Essay

This could be dismissed as ‘the grass is always greener’. There were however a number of factors involved. These included the search for precious metal, the possibility of obtaining land and the expansion of the railways. Although usually described as a move west, it was to some extent also a move south as in the case of those seeking gold and silver in Californian mines as a result of the accidental finding of gold by James Marshall in 1848 as described by Steve Weigand on the web page ‘The California Gold Rush, an era remembered. Land was seen as a form of wealth and the majority of those who migrated to America did so in the hope of obtaining land to farm. Under British rule Europeans had been restricted in their settlement to the area east of the Appalachians, but after the Revolutionary War this inhibition was removed and so people streamed south and west. Later, with the coming of the railways, markets in the north could be served from further west. This allowed the great expansion of cities such as New York and Chicago. see more:which was a factor that led to the scientific revolution In the years immediately before the American Civil War in the 1860’s the railways had built up into quite a network serving the eastern states, but afterwards they gradually spread over the rest of the country. This meant that people no longer had to spend many weeks of hardship in order to reach their destination and so the tiny townships already established by earlier settlers were quickly expanded new comers seeking for themselves and their families a better life. The Irish potato famine of the 1840’s as described on the History Place web page, ‘The Blight Begins’ led to many immigrants from that country, the majority would not have been city folk, so it is perhaps natural that some migrated to the western states where they saw at least some hope for their future, just like all the other migrants.

Intercultural communication( this is the course I'm studying, not the Assignment - 3

Intercultural communication( this is the course I'm studying, not the topic) - Assignment Example These include eye contact, tone, and nodding. Compared to juror number 3, who uses a confrontational tone, this juror is emotional and touching in his speech. This appears to be a necessary part of his struggle to express himself and have the courtroom to better understand the accused. Juror 3 and 11 seem to be the opposites of each other (Reilly and Stooksbury 37). I think that classmate one has provided an accurate depiction of juror number 3, and helped to reaffirm my argument that he exhibits a striking contrast with juror 11. I believe that the experiences and personalities of all jurors are manifested in their behavior in the courtroom. The case has presented them with an opportunity to characterize the accused based on what they feel and think (Niemiec and Wedding 19). I also agree with classmate 2 on his description of juror number 8, although I think that he left out critical points like the juror’s background that defines his

Analysis of French wine come-back fuels market scrap Essay

Analysis of French wine come-back fuels market scrap - Essay Example In terms of analysis of the current situation and the recommendation for CCVF wine, the PEST analysis shows that the government of France and the other European Union governments are have created an environment that is conducive to the prosperity of the wine fermenting business in these countries. The peaceful environment in all the European Union States will hasten business transactions in the wine making business. Also, the economic condition in France and the neighboring European Union member states shows that there is an economic slowdown because the demand for wine products has shifted to alternative products. Thus, there is an overstock of wine products in the wine basements and the grocery stores. Also, inflation has plays a small part in the economic situation here. Thus, since there is no strong demand for wine products, the sales growth in wine products has stymied in these European Union places. Socially, the company has to include the different cultures and practices of current and prospective customers in countries around the world in their marketing strategy. The company has to advertise its wine products in television, radio and newspapers infusing the local cultures and traditions in order to get not only the sales but also the hearts of the current and prospective customers. Technologically, the wine making process has been preserved through the years. However, the marketing st rategy then has been remaining stagnant and needs to change in order to keep up with the competing products like beer, rhum and other spirits.

Quality of life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Quality of life - Essay Example Most medical decisions, however, fall somewhere in between these boundaries. Reflections on these decisions were articulated in the language of ordinary and extraordinary means. The expression "quality of life" has been used by the proponents of practices such as abortion, assisted suicide, and euthanasia; indeed "quality of life" has become a rallying slogan for those who favor such practices. There is an understandable tendency in some of these Episcopal statements to avoid any public formulation that might suggest endorsement of that kind of quality - of - life ethic. In the public context, these bishops tend to speak in language that portrays life as an absolute good and to eschew language about the quality of life. Such statements sometimes convey the impression that the distinction between ordinary and extraordinary means can be worked out in fairly objective terms (e.g. benefits of treatment, the proximity of a patient to death). In fact the language of benefit vs. burden ratio or proportionate vs. disproportionate treatment lends itself to images of a mathematical measurement. But this does not retain all the nuances of traditional teaching. While t here are objective elements, such as whether or not a treatment is available or will be physiologically useful, the history of the distinction between ordinary and extraordinary means makes it clear that its deployment turns on the prudent judgment of the patient with the help of family and physician. The patient is the one who weighs risks, burdens, and benefits in light of a treatment's probable impact. The distinction depends upon the patient's quality - of - life judgments. The Pennsylvania bishops' statement on nutrition and hydration illustrates the tendency both to objectify the judgment about ordinary and extraordinary means and to misrepresent traditional teaching. For example, the bishops write that "the patient in the persistent vegetative state is not imminently terminal (provided that there is no other pathology present). The feeding--regardless of whether it be considered as treatment or as care--is serving a life -sustaining purpose. Therefore, it remains an ordinary means of sustaining life and should be continued." The bishops of the Maryland Catholic Conference also wrote that "[a] medical treatment should not be deemed useless, however, because it fails to achieve some goal beyond what should be expected." For them, medically assisted feeding and hydration is useful as long as the patient is capable of absorbing the nutrients delivered by the treatment. These kinds of statements reflect an erosion of the distinction between ordinary and extraordinary means. There are a number of ways in which the traditional teaching is being lost. First, it should be noted that the distinction between ordinary and extraordinary means traditionally has not been limited only to those patients who were considered to be terminal. In creating such a restriction the bishops are being quite innovative in their interpretation of the distinction. Pope John Paul II seems to limit the distinction's application to those who are close to death; in Evangelium vitae he distinguishes euthanasia from withdrawing aggressive treatment and, in so doing, appears to limit the dis

Industrial Engineering Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Industrial Engineering - Essay Example ess and present its advantages and disadvantages d) make a comparison between the casting and powder metallurgy processes 2- Manufacturing Steps 2-1 Raw Materials 2-1-1 Raw materials definition Raw materials are used in industries as a starting material or reactant to establish products. According to Oxford dictionary, a raw material is â€Å"the basic material from which a product is made†. These materials are often natural resources such as oil, iron and wood but some time it may also be synthetic resources well. 2-1-2 Types of raw materials There are various types of raw material among them five different main types of raw material are following A. Fossil fuels (oil, natural gas, gasoline, etc) B. Precious metals (gold, silver, etc) C. Industrial metals (copper, iron, etc) D. Agricultural products (wheat, coffee, cotton, etc) E. Animal husbandry (pork bellies, cattle, etc) 2-1-3 How it can be used The properties of raw materials can vary greatly and it depend upon the avail ability (season and storage) of raw material. Todd et al (1994, Pp. 36-42) claims that various raw materials can be similar to each other in their correlation, and differ in the inflation rate depend upon the demand and availability. The investors probably oil and gold are among the most sought after raw materials. To bring a little light into the darkness, we want to give below an overview of the various types of raw materials. We know that to make a company more profitable is to increase the sales price, but to manage cost efficiently, which ultimately depend the final value of the product. In addition, Degarmo et al (2003: Pp. 123-132) argue that the cost and quality of the final product depends largely on raw material. Raw material are a part of the most important aspects of a company and the... The properties of raw materials can vary greatly and it depend upon the availability (season and storage) of raw material. Todd et al claims that various raw materials can be similar to each other in their correlation, and differ in the inflation rate depend upon the demand and availability. The investors probably oil and gold are among the most sought after raw materials. To bring a little light into the darkness, we want to give below an overview of the various types of raw materials. We know that to make a company more profitable is to increase the sales price, but to manage cost efficiently, which ultimately depend the final value of the product. In addition, Degarmo et al argue that the cost and quality of the final product depends largely on raw material. Raw material are a part of the most important aspects of a company and the their cost. So the way forward is to be more efficient in managing costs.

Bibical Thelogy of Mission Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Bibical Thelogy of Mission - Research Paper Example Biblical (Old and New Testament) Texts That Relate To Mission The theology of missions is wholly a biblical concept.1 A careful and spiritual analysis of the bible reveals a solid foundation for missions. The biblical texts prove that missions are not an afterthought creation of God, but rather an intention emanating from his providential nature. According to Glasser (2003), Missio Dei concept confirms the truth that the biblical mission begins with God.2 In reference to Genesis 3 that describes the fall of man, God is exemplified as initiating a mission to rescue man kind from the bondage of sin and guide him back to His fold. The chapter introduces the aspect of mission that dominates the Old and New and Testament, with God strategizing to reach out to human beings. One of the relevant Old Testament texts that discuss the concept of God’s mission upon human being’s life is Genesis 12: 1-3 that offers the description of the Abrahamic Covenant. The passage captures God initiating a covenant with Abram who later undergoes spiritual transformation to Abraham. God explained to him His intention of making him a great nation, bless him and those that bless him as well as curse those who curse him. While commissioning His mission to Abraham, the passage asserts, â€Å"....and in thee shall all families of the earth be blessed† (Gen. 12:3). The fulfillment of this promise is affirmed by Moses in the opening Chapter of Deuteronomy. After looking at the large crowd of people gathered and poised to enter the Promised Land, Moses laments, â€Å"The Lord has increased your numbers today so that you are as many as the stars in the sky.† (Deut. 1: 10). The increase in number is part of the promise that through Joshua, Israelites will conquer the Promised Land; Canaan. The concept of mission is further discussed in the New Testament. A New Testament text that supports the firm biblical foundation for mission is Matt. 28: 19-20. God’s command s the church to continue with the mission of enlightening and converting more people to become believers, â€Å"Go ye therefore, and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost† (Matt.28: 19). The book of Mathew does not account for ascension, but always focuses on the Messiah and his messengers. Another text relating to the mission in the New Testament is Luke 4: 16-30 where Jesus defines his mission on his first appearance in public life. He refers to prophetic Isaiah and proclaims that He is the sent Messiah. The passage, â€Å"†¦This day is this scripture fulfilled in your ears.† (Luke 4: 21), affirms the fulfillment of the God’s promise; sending a Messiah to save the world from the bondage of sin. The Nature of God In Relation To Missions The personality of God can be explained through focus on His personality and attributes. According to 1st John 4:8, God is described as love. Those committed to p ropagate the course of the gospel are expected to assume this nature; love.3 It is only through acquiring Godly love that one can be encouraged to preach the gospel to the non-believers and destitute. Another personality of God, described by 1 Peter 1: 16, is

Bullying Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 9

Bullying - Essay Example The failure of people and adults to control bullying in the school grounds as well as in the virtual world is very surprising because education is supposed to be the key factor in preventing all of this, but at times even advocacy groups fail to reach out to the people. In general, technology has made it hard for law makers to keep an eye on everyone and keep a thorough check to prevent the act of bullying. The question in the end asked by many is how should one suppress this form of bullying that goes around and tackle the people who initiate the hate process. Unfortunately, there is no feasible tool as of now to deal with the issue because educating the perpetrators is still a gradual process and it will take a long time before elements of this sort can be eliminated and rooted out completely. It is surely a fact that cyberbullying does impact the psychologically vulnerable teenagers. The cyber world is a fast growing network where news travels fast and hence, if a flaw is found in someone’s reputation then it is bound to destroy the image they carry in their society. Cyberbullying is not under control and education plus awareness is the only way in which it can prevented. It is necessary to educate the mass population which includes teachers, parents and even students about the harm it causes to the psychological state of mind and how it has driven many towards suicidal

Buyer Behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Buyer Behavior - Essay Example Various models of consumer behaviour have been developed over the years. The models reflect the different buying situations in which consumers find themselves. Factors influencing consumer behaviour must be considered as well as similar factors influencing the buying decisions in business to business transactions. An understanding of these factors and how they influence the buying decision are extremely important when putting together a selling strategy. Market research also plays an important part in helping to identify relevant facts about buyer behaviour (consumer or organizational) and provides all kinds of information which forms the basis of strategy formulation. A motive to make a certain purchase is an internal state of the purchase. While consumer behavior is observable, motives are psychological constructs that can only be inferred. Buying motives for consumer products may be classified as economic, emotional, product, and retail patronage. Some of the motives may be rational while others are emotional. To illustrate, economic motives include product durability or economy in use. Emotional motives might include romance, pleasure, or prestige. Product purchase motives might involve ease for making repairs or ease of installation. Patronage motives relate to variety for selection or promptness in delivery. Motives relate to perception. Motives come from the consumer's real self, self-image, ideal self, and looking-glass self. The way consumers envision the situation to themselves helps to shape their reactions or responses to marketers' appeals (Sharon, Boyle, 2004: 343). Consumer goals and needs are constantly changing in response to environmental conditions, interaction with others, and physical conditions. As individuals realize their goals, new objectives may be established. New levels of aspiration may surface. For example, if an individual loses ten pounds of weight another objective to lose an additional fifteen pounds may be established. Moreover, marketers need to be attuned to changing needs and goals. Automobile manufacturers have recognized the consumer's need for prestige or status. This need may be less important as some consumers seek safety or family enjoyment as reasons for purchasing a new car. Since many families own more than one motor vehicle, ownership of a Volvo sedan or station wagon, a pickup truck, and an economical used car for an adolescent might represent diverse needs. The reason consumers choose one brand over another may be vague and unknown to them. Why consumers choose one brand of refrigerator over another may be based on personal experience, an advertisement, a friend's comment, a salesperson's presentation, the location of the retailer for service or some other factor or combination thereof. Brand switching may occur as a result of changing needs, a dissatisfaction with the current brand used, or because a friend, relative, advertising campaign, an article in Consumer Reports, or other influence persuaded that consumer that a better benefit or value can be derived by switching brands. Marketers, by identifying and appealing to consumers' motives, can generate a positive environment for the sale of their products. A study of men depicted

System analysis Essay Example for Free

System analysis Essay As system analysts to ensure I. R. C get the job done I am going to introduce the three basic and main steps. These are Input, Process and Output. The first step will be using Inputs such as keyboards, mouse, scanner and many other inputs. The keyboard allows me to input and type text about special features and offers which I can include in the newsletter or the flyer to promote and advertise my business. It allows me to store information about the customers and there order details . The mouse has many features such as allowing me to point and click in a certain column and also editing any mistakes made. The mouse lets me insert images in to the newsletter and also copy any text to add information regarding the image. While creating the business card I inputted my logo using the copy and paste option from the mouse. I inserted text in the newsletter and also some images which showed the customers the quality of our service. I achieved this through the special features of the inputting devices. The process illustrates how I went about creating the newsletter in order to promote I. R. C. I will be using a catalogue wizard in microsoft publisher as a guideline to go about and set up the layout of the newsletter. The text that is already present in the box, I will use as a guideline so that I know what text to insert in the appropriate place. I Yasin Mirza 1/1/05 will first change the layout of the guideline to match the requirements of I. R. C and then edit the appearance of the colours and the text. I will be using the mouse to insert images which have already been saved on to a floppy disk. I will be using word art to highlight special offers and subheadings this will enable me to make these stand out and change the colour, size, font and style of the text to make it more appealing to the readers. Using microsoft publisher I am able to add a special feature in the newsletter which allows me to have the choice of adding a coupon and a box for customer details. The Output such as the monitor and printer shows the newsletter in its early/late stages of development. The monitor will display the newsletter and I will be using the printer to print out the draft of the newsletter. If I am unsatisfied with the result and quality of the newsletter I can then go back and edit the problems. I can then view the corrections made on the monitor and then print it out again. As an option feature I intend to place the newsletter online on I.R. C s website and the speakers act as an output and the speakers can be used to listen to music and sounds on the site developed by flash software. The company will use floppy disks, cd- roms, and portable hard drives to store and backup information. Floppy disks will be used to store general specifications and receipts. The portable hard drives will be used to store customer and payment details as well company software as the portable hard drives have a vast amount of storage space. The PHD (portable hard drive) is a ideal backing up device as in an emergence if Yasin Mirza 1/1/05 I. R. Cs system becomes damaged in some way then you can transfer the work on to the phd. The cd-roms will be used to store back up information from the floppys. To ensure unauthorised access each member of staff will be given a general user name (staff) and separate password which will allow them to access, edit and view customer, payment and specifications details. To increase security and ensure data integrity (data is not deleted by any random user) we will give admin authorization to managers with a separate username and password to have all system which allows them to access and view, add and delete any details regarding customers.

Dramatic Iron In Tragedy Essay Example for Free

Dramatic Iron In Tragedy Essay Dramatic irony is endemic in the experience of the tragedy; people get shocked when tragedy strikes but they will murmur underneath that they had seen it coming though the victims did realize it. Neighbors and friends read signs of death, they are afraid to it directly or try to tell it indirectly and the victims can not believe or just cannot understand. Tragedy sometimes strikes when least expected, Lindsay a beautiful young Woman of two, separated from her husband because he abused her physically, her estranged her husband did not accept the separation though it was authorized by a local judge. He visited her house often and without notifying her in advance, he claimed that house was still his home because they had bought the house together before he started in drinking before that ruined their relationship and turned their home into a battle field. Lindsay had no problem with that he was still the father of her children, though she no longer loved him, in fact she was seeing granted so that they could marry. She knew Andy would be jealousy if he got a wind that there was another man in her life but didn’t think much about it and when Andy bumped on them kissing on the coach, she didn’t think there was anything to worry about, furthermore they had decided that they should move on, in the best way each one knew. Andy reacted coolly, and seemed to be okay as the shook hands with Lindsay’s new man, she was surprised by his calmness and understanding. When Andy offered to take Lindsay and their children out for dinner, she suggested that her new boyfriend should also as he had already met him and even implied that if he was seeing someone he should also come with her. It didn’t seem to be a good ideal to her man but she managed to convince him and together they left in Andy’s car towards a local restaurant. Andy was quite jovial through out the evening, talking nostalgically of the old times they had shared as a family, he made it clear that he was fine and would respect. Lindsay’s decision to move on, he promised to help hasten the divorce to set her free. Andy drove his family and their new friend home, but as soon as he parked the car, he left outside and he held a pistol in hands he pulled he trigger and shot Lindsay and her man as he mocked them, telling them they can marry in hell. Luckily he did not kill his children but he turned the pistol to it and placed it on hid head, pulled the trigger and died on the spot. Lindsay was dead, her children became orphans, and she knew that Andy still bred her; some of her friends had warned her that it was too soon to enter into another relationship but she had not hindered their advice. They knew Andy would get crazy with jealousy, some of them would not even believe that he had not started a fight with Lindsay’s boyfriend on the first day he savo together. Family members must have worried about Andy’s welfare especially after they realized that Lindsay was saving someone else, they knew how possessive he was with her, the guessed that he could harm the man they knew that there was no way to take the pain and reaction he felt and so they just waited for time to heal his wounds. However, tragedy struck and all they could now say was they had seen it coming. Most tragedies that happen are as a result of all careless mistakes for instance when someone dies in road accident, people will always say they knew it would happen, may be they will talk about his careless and fast driving or say that he left very angry or struck, they saw him getting into the vehicle but did not stop him and he goes and trashes and dies. In every tragedy there is dramatic irony, and no matter how many tragedies strike people are always shocked and they never learn to stop the. Dramatic irony s endemic in the experience of tragedy, think of the humblest that killed may in the united states, the US had now with Iraq, they knew they would strike them but did not take much precautions neither did they try to stop them, until the tragedy struck. When a bus gets involved in an accident, the lucky passengers that bus had been driving careless before the us crashed, they will have felt it before it happens but do nothing to stop it. I can use this to justify that dramatic irony is endemic in the experience of tragedy, and it will always be, no matter how hard we try. References Barnard B. A and Winn F. (2005); Access to Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry and Drama; Amazon publishers, New York Diayanni R. (1997); Literature: Reading Fiction, Poetry, drama and the Essay Amazon publishers, New York Dawson C. and Flood J. (2000); Spotlight on Literature; McMillan series Kennedy X. J and Gioia D. (2004); Literature: An introduction to Fiction, Poetry and drama Interactive edition 9th Edition. Royle T. ; (1999); Scottish Literature: McMillan series -Introduction to Literature: McMillan series -Enjoying Literature: McMillan series -Understanding Literature: McMillan series -American Literature: McMillan series English and Western Literature: McMillan series

Extended-Range Electric Vehicle

Extended-Range Electric Vehicle Abstract The main objective of this research is to extend the range of an electric vehicle  to cover a required distance with minimum usage of energy at least cost. This is  done by coupling an internal combustion engine to a generator which will charge  the batteries, when the charge level of the batteries comes down. Extended Range Electric Vehicle 1 Background Extended-range electric vehicles (EREV): Extended-range electric vehicles (EREV) are  the type of vehicles which run on electricity and a generator which is powered by either petrol or diesel. The generator is not used to run the vehicle whereas it helps in charging  the battery when charge goes less than 30%. The term extended range is used to indicate  that range of vehicle travel can be increased and this can be accomplished by using the  above method. [9] The normal electric vehicles are the ones which run only on the battery and when the  charge depletes, we need to _nd a charging point and need to wait until it gets fully  charged before continuing the travel. This type of vehicle is more suitable for short distance travel as this kind of vehicle will be having lesser range, when compared to other  vehicles which runs on fuel. The other kind of vehicles that are more recently being used is Hybrid vehicle. This is  powered by combination of petrol or diesel engine and a battery [10]. The propulsion  system will usually be of more than one type. When charge runs out of the battery the  internal combustion engine starts to work to power the vehicle and vice versa.   2 Literature Review 2.1 Introduction: The Extended Range Electric Vehicle (E-REV) is a unique kind of vehicle, where battery  and internal combustion engine required for propulsion are sized in a way such that the  engine will not be required for the vehicle operation when there is enough charge in the  battery. There is no need to start the engine for any power or speed requirement. The  only time the engine is used is to charge the battery when the charge depletes and becomes incapable of driving any further. [1] Electric motors are more e_cient when compared to internal combustion engine with  very high power-to-weight ratios which provides required torque when driving over a  wide speed range. On the other hand internal combustion engines are e_cient when it  operates at a constant speed. The working of internal combustion engine is more complicated when compared to electric motor [8]. The main advantage of using E-REV is the  fuel consumption is saved as very little fuel is used to charge the battery. The bene_t  is to both the people and society as running cost is reduced and on the other and the  pollution from the vehicle is minimized. The main problem with the fuel powered vehicles is the energy consumption is high. Energy production worldwide is growing annually by 2% as the demand is increasing due  to population growth and industrial activities. In this situation Electric Vehicles provide a very good means of transportation. And still  we dont prefer electric vehicles because of their poor range, even the best electric scooters  having a range of only 40km in real world conditions. This is one of the main disadvantages of electric vehicles/ scooters. In the present year due to depletion of fossil fuels,  electric vehicle provide a clean mode of transportation. Since, these vehicles soul utilizes  electricity for the transportation purpose, need of fossil fuel derivatives like gasoline and  diesel are avoided. [3] But battery operated vehicles (electric vehicles) have an uncertainty with respect to the  distance travelled for a given charge level (range). In most of the cases the charge may  not be su_cient to cover the desired distance which will fail the objective. The main objective of EREV is to achieve larger distance with minimum usage of energy  at least cost by taking electric scooter as a source. The solution will go like this- Coupling  an Internal Combustion (IC) Engine to a generator (mobile type) which will charge the  batteries, when the charge level of the batteries comes down. So while travelling, if the  charge level comes down, IC engine will be turned ON and generator will charge the  batteries until _nding a plug in source. [7] In this IC engine is coupled with a Permanent Magnet Direct Current (PMDC) motor  (which acts as a generator) and the whole set is mounted on the foot board of the electric  scooter. Connections are made between the generator and batteries through a charging  circuit (to avoid load uctuation). In this _rst IC engine (Petrol/Kerosene run, 3000 rpm, and 1.1 kW) is mounted on the  foot board of an electric scooter. It can also be fabricated and placed under the seat, if  the engine is small and portable Then Flywheel of IC engine is connected to a PMDC Motor (60V, 5 amps @3000 RPM),  the power developed at the ywheel was coupled to the PMDC Motor through the V  Belt drive and a rated power output of 300 W (60V x 5A). The connections were given to the batteries through a charging circuit which helps in  developing the required current levels. Here 4 x 12V series connected batteries need to  be charged which requires 1.2 x 48 which is equal to 57.6V and hence 60V PMDC Motor  is used. And this is because of voltage drop on application of load. 2.2 Scope: Improved e_ciency(RANGE) Increased energy security Decreased Emissions Reduced travel costs Engine can be detached for shorter distance Petroleum used is less 2.3 Some of the challenges are: Charging time is more [2] Measuring fuel economy is di_cult need of extra space in the vehicle Limited weight carrying capacity Needs more space for the engine Initial high investment Contents Features Range 40-50 Kms Top speede 40Km/hr Charging Time 4-6 hours Brakes 4 meter braking distance Motor type Permanent magnet synchronous motor Motor driving power 500W Battery Sealed lead acid, 12V 17Ah in series 2.4 Components Of Extended Range Electric Vehicle: Fig-2.1 Components of E-REV There are two operation modes: the pure electric vehicle (EV) mode and the range extended electric vehicle mode. For daily short-distance travel, the vehicle operates in pure  battery EV mode without the range extender. At weekend, you can assemble the range  extender on the EV for a long distance travel. The generator set is controlled with constant speed and its output is constant voltage  and frequency, such as 220V, 50Hz. The output of the generator set is connected to the  interface of the charger. Unlike a conventional generator set, this generator set provides  rated output by controlling the output current of the charger. This ensures that the generator set works at the highest e_cient point and has a low emission. The battery can  also be charged by the charger with a household outlet or fast charged at charging station.   Percentage of EV mode driving determined by total distance driven beyond vehicles all electric range 35 miles of each segment would be driven in EV mode if: All charging events end with a full battery Vehicles EV mode range is exactly 35 miles Of course EV mode operation varies based on charging duration, power level, battery  state of charge at beginning of charge, driving style, conditions, etc.[6] 2.5 Distance between charging events v/s Percentage of vehicles: It is very important to note that about 32% of Electric vehicles o_er a range or distance  covered per charge of about 40-45 kms. To cover any distance beyond the normal range, the Electric vehicle has to be charged  once again using a Plug-In source which is the main drawback of the electric vehicle which  is need to be recti_ed. 2.6 Ending State Of Charge (SOC) v/s Percentage of charging units: From the below graph it is inferred that about 90% of the recharging event happens at  home location, meaning that if the range of Electric vehicle is about 40km, then they end  up in home before completing 40km to recharge. This is one of the biggest disadvantages which hinder the use of Electric Scooter.[6] 2.7 Charging Circuit Speci_cations: 12V Battery Maximum voltage for charging is 14.5 Volts Charging Current Maximum charging current should not exceed 10% of maximum A/H  capacity of Battery. Example: For 100AH Battery 10% = 100/10= 10A. In the experiment 12V / 17AH battery is used. Maximum Charging Current I = 17/10 = 1.7 A. Minimum Charging Voltage V = 2.35 V /Cell x 6 = 14.10 V This means for four batteries, = 14.10 x 4 = 56 V 2.8 Outcome: First, the cost required to travel 80 kms in a gasoline scooter is calculated for which  cost comes around AUD 6. Next Conventional Electric scooter for which the experiment is conducted took  about AUD 1 (Cost of Current) to cover the same distance. The main disadvantage is to _nd the plug-in source after the use of _rst charge  which is about 40kms. Then covering 80kms in a single stretch is not possible. Then Extended Range Electric Scooter is used and the cost came around AUD 2  to travel the same distance. Here it runs as an electric scooter for _rst 40km and once the charge is empty, then  the IC Engine-PMDC Motor setup is switched on mechanically to travel the next  40km. 2.9 Features of the electric scooter: Power Consumption: One Unit (for complete charge). Safe speed and easy to drive. Low maintenance cost. 2 seater vehicle (The vehicle is designed to carry a maximum payload of 130 kgs.) For shorter distance engine can be removed and can run only on electricity. 3 Methodology Fig-3.1 Electric scooter with Range Extender STEP 1: Mounting an IC engine (Petrol/Kerosene run, 3000 rpm, and 1.1kW) on the  foot board of an electric scooter. STEP 2: Flywheel of IC engine is connected to a PMDC Motor. STEP 3: The power developed at the ywheel was coupled to the PMDC Motor through  the V Belt drive. STEP 4: The connections were given to the batteries through a charging circuit which  helps in developing the required current levels.   STEP 5: When the charge indicator shows charge is less, IC engine will be turned ON  mechanically. STEP 6: PMDC Motor will produce electricity to maintain the battery level until _nd-ing a plug in source. STEP 7: The power developed from the engine generates electricity through the PMDC  motor and charges the batteries through the Charging Circuit. The charging circuit  charges the batteries at the rate of 3 A. STEP 8: The Scooter will be tested for the improved range. 4 Conclusion and Summary Based on the tests carried out to extend the range of the electric scooter as explained in  the previous chapter and within the scope of this investigation the following conclusions  have been drawn. 1. Initially the Electric scooter runs on Battery charge completely and when the charge  is low, the IC engine runs the scooter by charging the batteries simultaneously.   2. The range of electric scooter is e_ectively increased by using IC Engine PMDC  setup through the charging circuit. 3. The range of Extended Range Electric Vehicle(E-REV) is comparatively more than  the conventional Electric vehicles. 4. On conducting tests with varying some of the parameter following observations is  made: When input current(amps) to the charging circuit increases, the time taken to  charge the batteries decreases. 5. On the basis of comparison between the results obtained of Extended Range Electric Vehicle(E-REV) and conventional Electric Scooter it is clear that the distance  covered per charge is comparatively more for E-REV. References [1] Extended-range electric vehicles (E-REV)  https://www.goultralow.com/more-about-electric-cars/types-of-vehicles/range-extended/ [2] Beginners guide to electric cars The Charging Point  http://www.thechargingpoint.com/beginners-guide.html/ [3] Techsplanations: Extended-Range Electric Vehicles  http://www.autoblog.com/2013/12/20/extended-range-electric-vehicles/ [4] Low-noise range extender dispels battery runtime angst  http://www.rheinmetall-automotive.com/en/products/range-extender/ [5] Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs)  http://www.ieahev.org/about-the-technologies/plug-in-hybrid-electric-vehicles/ [6] Research gate  http://www.researchgate.net/_gure/279853330-_g5-Figure-5-Distribution-of-distance-driven-per-vehicle-day-on-days-when-the-vehicle-was [7] Hybrids explained: Mild v Full v Plug-in v Extended Range Electric Vehicle  http://www.caradvice.com.au/279850/hybrids-explained-mild-v-full-v-plug-in-v-extended-range-electric-vehicle/ [8] Electric Cars: De_ning Battery-Electrics, Plug-In Hybrids, Range-Extended  http://www.greencarreports.com/news/1098066-electric-cars-de_ning-battery-electrics-plug-in-hybrids-range-extended-more/ [9] Extended Range Electric Cars (E-REV) Doing away with Range Anxiety  http://www.thegreenage.co.uk/extended-range-electric-cars-doing-away-with-range-anxiety/ [10] Electric vehicle range https://www.ergon.com.au/network/smarter-energy/electric-vehicles/electric-vehicle-range/

Vouchers and School Choice are Not Necessary :: Argumentative Persuasive Topics

The issue of "choice", like so many other novel educational reform attempts, serve once again to highlight the fact that something is desperately wrong with the current educational system. While everyone seems to be fully aware of the need for change, no one really knows where to start. In the process of making sense of this need to pin down the problems that beset education, many end up latching on to any novel idea that even vaguely offers the hope of finally bringing that educational calm and success everyone so desperately longs for. The problem with this hit-and-run approach is that it almost always ends up fragmenting the communities and societies that should in fact be pooling their energies and resources on the issue of educational reform. Name me ANY reform movement, and I'll show you at least two camps for each of them - one "for", and one "against". The proponents of educatonal choice have, over time, carefully built up their pool of arguments in support of its implementation. To fully understand this perspective, and before I share mine, I have selected a collection of quotes from various proponents of educational choice which should present, albeit statically, the central issues underlying the concerns of these and many other students, parents, and teachers. In the process of reading them, please try to focus on the issues they represent rather than the emotions that presently drive them. "It is time to develop political muscle for parents and children. We know that our urban public school systems are hopelessly broken. We know that unless the parents of children in public schools are able to threaten to enroll their children in competing private schools, the public schools will never be held accountable." "Lessons must be learned from Voucher Bill Defeat", Joseph Walsh "The most recent National Assessment of Education Progress reading test reports that 30% of high school seniors, 31% of eighth graders, and 42% of fourth graders couldn't reach "basic" reading levels. Those students who have spent from four to thirteen years in school, don't have even "partial mastery" of the reading skills expected at their grade level." "The High Cost of Rationing Literacy", Martha C. Brown "There is no more important issue today than the education of our children. We could possibly disagree that our society - crippled by gang violence, teen pregnancy, and welfare dependancy - would experience a Renaissance if every child received quality education?

The Effects of Domestic Violence on Children Essay -- Violence Against

How does domestic violence between parents and parental figures affect the children who witness it? This is a question often asked by Sociologists and Psychologists alike. There have been studies that prove that children who witness domestic inter-parental violence experience mental health problems, issues with gender roles, substance abuse, the committing of crimes and suicide/suicide attempts later in their lives. This paper will explore all five of these 'effects' of domestic violence on children and show that there is evidence of a clear relationship in which increasing parental violence is associated with increasing outcome risks (Fergusson & Horwood, 1998, p.8). When a child witnesses domestic abuse it can have many different effects on the child. From my research I found that one of the most common effects on the child were mental health problems. In one study, conducted in New Zealand, young people that reported high levels of exposure to inter-parental violence had elevated rates of mental health problems (Fergusson & Horwood, 1998, p.1). Some of the least severe mental health problems included anxiety, inability to focus, and nightmares (Brescoll & Graham-Bermann, 2000, p.2). But these problems, which appear to be less severe, can also be the symptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (Brescoll & Graham-Bermann, 2000, p.2). In a study conducted in 2001 the results indicated that higher levels of symptoms indicative of post traumatic stress were associated with children who have witnessed domestic violence (Hill & Nabors & Reynolds & Wallace & Weist, 2001, p.1). ?Children who have witnessed domestic violence are more likely to develop sy mptoms associated with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder; that is, high levels of an... ... The Journal of the American Medical Association, 286, Retrieved February 10, 2002, from Expanded Academic ASAP database. Brescoll, V., & Graham, S.A. (2000). Gender Power and Violence: Assessing the Family Stereotypes of the Children of Batters. Journal of Family Psychology, 14, 600- 612. Retrieved February 13, 2002, from PsycARTICLES database. Fergusson, D.M., & Horwood, L.J. (1998). Exposure to Interparental Violence in Childhood and Psychosocial Adjustment in Young Adulthood. Child Abuse & Neglect, 22, 339-357. Retrieved February 17, 2002, from Science Direct database. Hill, T.F., & Nabors, L.A., & Reynolds, M.W., & Wallace, J., & Weist, M.D. (2001). The Relationship between Gender, Depression, and Self-Esteem in Children who have Witnesses Domestic Violence. Child Abuse & Neglect, 25, 1201-1206. Retrieved February 12, 2002, from Science Direct.

Feminism in Chaucer’s Wife of Bath Essay -- Wife of Bath Essays

Women in the medieval times were cast into very distinct roles. There was a strict code of conduct that was followed. They were to be submissive to their husbands and follow their lead. A woman’s place was also in the home and the responsibilities of cooking, cleaning, sewing, etc. fell into their domain. Women who deviated from these cultural-set norms made for interesting characters. Chaucer’s use of women and their overstepping their boundaries and typical roles in society make them most memorable.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Most of the gender expectations stemmed from the Church and biblical history. There were many anti-feminist feelings due to Eve causing the fall of Man. Women were perceived to be responsible for most of the suffering to man, and were therefore inferior and to be dominated by their husbands and men in general. â€Å"The courtly lady of medieval poetry has much in common with the images of the Virgin† (Martin xiv). Chastity, purity, and holiness, were all associated with the expectations of women from role models such as the Virgin Mary type-cast women into a saintly role. Because women were thought to have caused so much suffering on behalf of mankind, they were to be controlled, held in check and not exhibit any outward signs of defiance or concern for themselves. Their purpose in life was to serve others at their own expense.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There were typical male traits, and these had a more positive connotation to them. In the following list of terms, the first are meant to be masculine and the second to be feminine; â€Å"limit and unlimited, odd and even, one and plurality, right and left, male and female, resting and moving, straight and curved, light and darkness, good and bad, square and oblong† (Cox 8). The more desired traits like the obvious ‘light’ and ‘good’, were saved for the traditional male. These ideas stem from the Aristotelian paradigm, and are consistent with gender roles in Chaucer’s world. The Wife of Bath was expected to have the feminine traits, but she would not accept that. Why should the positive traits be reserved only for men? Being born a woman should not automatically exempt a woman from being cast into a more positive position within society.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What makes Chaucer’s characters so unique and unforgettable is that he cast them outside of these roles. Bordering on the controversial but lightened by his use of humor, his characters... ...f Bath, we see an individual who is willing to express that idea. Her courage to defy the traditional concepts as set by her peers does not intimidate her, and she boldly stands up for what she believes in, popular or not. Another strong feminist aspect to her is that she feels no need to be justified or have approval for her decisions and lifestyle. Just because she is a woman does not limit her choices in her life, and neither her gender nor her decisions make her inferior. Works Cited Chaucer, Geoffrey. â€Å"The Canterbury Tales: The Wife of Bath’s Prologue and Tale.† The Norton Anthology English Literature. Ed. M.H. Abrams and Stephen Greenblatt. 7th ed. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2001. Cox, Catherine S. Gender and Language in Chaucer. Florida: University Press of Florida,  1997. Hallissy, Margaret. Clean Maids, True Wives, Steadfast Widows: Chaucer’s Women and Medieval Codes of Conduct. Westport, Ct: Greenwood Press, 1993. Jennings, Patrick. Online Webct posting. 18 April 2004. Mann, Jill. Feminizing Chaucer. Cambridge: D.S. Brewer, 2002. Martin, Priscilla. Chaucer’s Women: Nuns, Wives and Amazons. London: The  Macmillan Press Ltd, 1990.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Prince of Denmark: A Hero?

William's Shakespeare's famous drama Hamlet, is filled with treachery, revenge, and corruption. The play unfolds as the protagonist, a troubled young prince, looses his father to the hand of his uncle. At the same time, his recently widowed mother marries this uncle becomes new king of Denmark. After encountering his father's ghost, young Hamlet dedicates himself to avenge his father's murder. But although at the beginning he seems sure of what he's set out to do, his many flaws start to show thought out the story. He begins constantly struggling in a battle with his mind, and delays action by finding reasons to avoid his duties. He also builds up many emotions on his mother's marriage, and looses faith on all women. He becomes uninterested in life and sees no meaning of it. He's unable to act, to think clearly, to love, to build a much more meaningful life and hides himself in his own thoughts. He clearly was not a fit hero, for he was a passive, suicidal, misogynist wimp. Hamlet can be portrayed as uncertain. He is unclear about whether to avenge the death of his father, or simply mourn his absence but recover and let go. He conveys a feeling of ambiguity in his soliloquies, by fearing condemnation for himself. In act one he first brings out doubts about this father's ghost, saying â€Å"The spirit that I have seen may be the devil. † Making this a quick excuse he continues saying the devil being so strong has abused him in his â€Å"weakness and melancholy† (III, 2, Pg137). He continues to doubt his ability to obey the ghost, for he is simply a coward. He confesses he's â€Å"dull† and claims he cannot take action because his personality is a passive one. As the play goes on, Hamlet still does not find the motivation to continue his plan. He compares himself to the player of a king passionate about Hecuba, when it doesn't mean much to him because he's acting. He says, â€Å"Yet I, a lazy and miserable rascal, mope about like Johnny Daydreams, lacking inspiration for my cause, and unable to say a word. No, not even on behalf of a king who was damnably murdered. † (II, 2, Pg135). The prince of Denmark later begins to convince himself that the ghost was truly his father and is determined to follow the ghost's commands. But in order to kill the king, he thinks of attempting to act but cannot actually bring himself into action. In act III, scene 2, Hamlet decides to go on to kill King Claudius and establish justice once and for all. But at the next scene he talks himself out of character and does not kill the king. Apparently the king was praying in church and he decided not to kill him because â€Å"he would go to heaven. So much for my revenge! †. He delays and intends to do the deed when King Claudius â€Å"is drunk asleep, or in a rage, in bed indulging in incestuous pleasures, blaspheming while playing a game, or involved in some activity that has no trace of God's salvation in it. † (III, 3, Pg187). Hamlet's actions are delayed whenever the situation is not perfect. He goes back and forth, and only kills Claudius when he's almost force to before his own death. Another one of Hamlet's flaws is his lack of contempt for life. After his uncle Claudius murdered his brother, Hamlet's father, he'd knew it was for the power and hand of the queen. His mood turns morbid and depressed. His mind suffered and he was looking at death as the dream of something better than his troubled life. †To live or not to live. That is the issue. Is it more noble to endure the blows of fickle fortune, or to fight against overwhelming odds and overcome them? †(III,1,Pg143). Hamlet is much tired of feeling sorrow over his murdered father and anger towards his mother. But as he contemplates suicide, he wonders and worries about what and where he would go after death. He keeps in mind Christian beliefs of damnation and still sees death as something unknown and feared. But he's constantly wishing he didn't have to go on. â€Å"I have lost my good spirits, dropped all form of exercise. Indeed, I feel so depressed that this beautiful structure the earth seems to be a useless lump of rock. †(II, 2, Pg117). He not only hates his life but the world that surrounds him has no meaning. He even calls his home Denmark, where he is prince, an â€Å"unweedened garden† of â€Å"things rank and gross in nature†(I, 2, Pg00). After coming back from his ship to England, Hamlet encounters a gravedigger and learns he's digging the grave for Ophelia. It makes him feel very angry and confused, and after learning about the life of some of the deceased at the graveyard, changes dramatically his views towards death. He goes from feeling troubled and fearful of the unknown, into a person aware of the reality of death. Hamlet becomes obsessed with it and its effects. In act III he's able to discuss death openly, and when he killed Polonius by mistake he had no sympathy or remorse. Same happened when he sends to kill Rosencratz and Guildenstern believing â€Å"they brought it upon themselves†. He shows numbness to all death around him and death itself. He comes to a conclusion that no matter who you are and how important you are, everyone ends up buried exactly the same way. â€Å"Alexander died, Alexander was buried, Alexander returned to dust, the dust is earth, of earth we make loam,†(V, 1, Pg273) This way of thinking helped him accept Laertes' duel knowing what might be his faith. â€Å"Being prepared for [death] is what matters†¦ what's so bad about an early death? (V, 2, Pg295). During the entire play, Hamlet shows a negative view towards the women in his life as well. He feels that both his mother Gertrude, and lover Ophelia have betrayed them through their actions. His relationship with his mother isn't the best because even though he loves her, he's still angry that she didn't mourn his father and married his uncle so quickly after his death. He feels she has betrayed booth him and his father, he also sees it as immoral and disrespectful. He feels she, as well as all woman are dependent on men too much, are too weak, and cannot think for themselves. He calls them â€Å"brainless beasts† who â€Å"Know well enough what cuckold s [they] make of [men]. †(III, 1, Pg149). He begins to feel disgusted with marriage and sexuality â€Å"Imagine! Living in the stinking sweat of a greasy bed, wallowing in corruption, flirting and making love in that disgusting pigsty! †(III, 4, Pg197). Hamlet does not understand how men could stand having women around them at all. His mother obviously shaped greatly his view on all women. He especially let out all these feelings when he encounters his young love Ophelia. He says harsh things to her and treats her as if she was much more inferior to him. He tells her all women are whores, and all women, including her, who seem pure inside are full of corruption and sexual desires. Ophelia's father also gets offended as he's called a fishmonger, because he ordered his daughter to spy on Hamlet. Hamlet doesn't trust Ophelia, even though she's always willing to listen to him. He thinks he's got women all figured out â€Å"I know all about your cosmetics. God has given you one face, and you must make yourselves another. You wiggle and mince, you put on fancy voices, you use fashionable words, and pretend your affections are natural†(III, 1, Pg149). But in the mist of his rage, he failed to see that Ophelia always defended him and loved him despite his brutality towards her. Not only was he passive, suicidal and misogynist, but he often showed he was a wimp. Hamlet delayed his revenge for so long, making several excuses when he had a clear chance to kill his uncle. Also, he simply did not confront him, but organized a play to set him up on what he called a â€Å"mousetrap†. But this only delayed his actions even more. â€Å"My eyes will be revered on his face, later we'll compare notes judging his demeanor. †(III, 2, Pg157). He showed to be afraid of Claudius, because everything he does is not direct. Hamlet was specially a wimp when he goes to confront his mother, and he notices that someone is hiding behind the curtains but cannot make out who it is. Thinking it might be Claudius, he stabs him with his sword. But the person behind the curtains was Polonius, Ophelia's father. â€Å"You wretched rash, intruding fool- farewell. I thought you were the king. Accept your bad luck. †(III, 4, Pg193). His actions were very cowardly because he didn't attack the king directly, but behind the curtain where one cannot see the attack coming. Young Hamlet may had been a prince by birth but not by actions. He also wasn't fit to be a hero, because his many flaws could not allow him to develop a admirable personality. It can't be denied that his situation was harsh and that it could bring sorrow to anyone in his position. But he should have been able to think and express himself more rationally, instead of running endlessly around the same circle of insecurity. His lack of strength affected not only himself but all members of the court and friends. Upon his death he was given memorial like a soldier, even though he lived like a coward, without love, pride or happiness.

The Lion King

According to French and Raven, individuals have five sources of power by which they can induce others to behave in accordance with their wishes. These five sources of power are coercive powers, reward powers, legitimate powers, expert powers, and referent powers. In the movie, Lion King, an alpha male, the king of the jungle, which is a Lion name Mufasa, is killed by his jealous older brother Scar. The planned death only worked due to the manipulation of Mufasa’s son, Simba, by Scar. After Mufasa dies, Simba runs away and Scar takes control of the Pride Land. Years later Simba returns to the Pride Land to tell everyone the truth, take back the control of his late father’s, once, great land, and to return it to its former nourishing state. So exactly what do these powers have to do with a Disney Movie? Let’s find out. Coercive power is the power to force someone to do something that they do not want to do. This force could be either physical or mental torture. In the movie the The Lion King, when Scar takes over the Pride lands he uses coercive powers to make the lionesses hunt for the food and to hold other dictatorial powers. In the movie, Scar even goes as far as hitting Simba’s mother, because she compares him to Simba. He thrives on instilling fear. Reward power is the power in which you are able to get what you want because of bribery. The person that holds this power is the one who can control the other by giving them exactly what they want. The reward can be anything, that the person who is being bribed desires. Also, this is not always negative. In the movie Nala, Simba’s childhood friend, finds him after he has left his home for so long. She asks Simba to return home, but it is evident after repeatedly asking that he does not want to return. So she uses reward power, even though the Pride Land is not her possession, she tells Simba that he needs to return and if he does he can take back the Pride Lands and rule it as his father once did. And because of this logic he returns. The next power is called a legitimate power, it is very self explanatory. This person holds a legitimate power, but only due to status. The person, though, forgets that the people he or she is ordering around is not obeying them, but their status. Scar is again a perfect example of this. When he became the King of the Pride Lands he didn’t realize that his subjects did not respect him, but his position. He kept this respect in his position, by using coercive powers, which is very common in legitimate power. Referent Power is a person possesses characteristics that makes someone else aspire to be like them. Therefore this person is willing to do whatever the person they aspire to be like wants them to do. This power can be either positive or negative. Mustafa and Scar both possessed referent power when it came to the young impressionable cub, Simba. In a positive aspect, Simba aspired to be as great as his father, hence the song â€Å"Oh I Just can’t wait to be King. † He also, in a more negative note wanted to be accepted by his uncle Scar. This is how Scar was able to manipulate Simba into tricking his father to follow him to the canyon, where Mustafa fell to his death. The last power is expert power. This power is exhibited when the person has knowledge that someone else wants. The most prominent example of this power, throughout the entire move would be Rafiki, the baboon. He was the king’s advisor, led Simba back to the right path, and then became Simba’s advisor, once he became king. According to Katz an outstanding leader must possess these three skills: technical skills, human skills, and conceptual skills. Technical skills are when the person understands specific work and activities and are able to excel in them. Human skills are when the leader is able to work well with other people, they are able to exchange ideas and work together towards one goal. Conceptual skills are when the person is able to put ideas into actions. However, not everyone is perfect; most people don’t possess all of these skills. If I had to choose one of the skills that a leader must possess, it would have to be human skills. Now it is possible for a leader to be in charge without possessing human skills but things tend to work better if the person heading the community or organization is able to get along with his citizens and co-workers. If the leader is able to get along with other people then there will be no need for real conceptual skills because his subjects and co-workers will come up with ideas that he will be able to work out with others to put into place. In the movie, Mustafa possessed human skills; everyone in his kingdom liked him. Therefore, it was easier for him to run his kingdom, unlike Scar. Scar ran the kingdom, but did not have that human skill which made it hard for him to completely have the kingdom on his side. Thus, the kingdom was ready to fight against him as soon as Simba returned because they didn’t like Scar; he didn’t possess that human skill. Some people believe that if your kingdom loves you, the respect will come and then is when you will become a good leader. This was the leadership styles practiced by Mustafa and his son Simba. They treated the other animals with respect and that respect was returned allowing the kingdom to run peacefully. Scar, on the other hand, had a different agenda’ he just needed to instill fear in his subjects to receive respect. But in actuality, it made them hate him, this did not help him in the end, when Simba returned, his subjects were eager to fight against Scar. If an enemy undermines a leader sometimes he doesn’t realize the leader’s support system. A prime example exhibited in the movie is when Scar undermined his brother Mustafa. Scar assumed all he had to do was kill Mustafa and the kingdom would just come to him, but he undermined Mustafa’s support system, his wife, Simba, Rafiki, and the rest of the kingdom, once Simba came back the entire kingdom rebelled. An organizational leader should use all three of the skills that they need to posses to their utmost ability. An organizational leader should always keep their enemies close. The worse the enemy the closer he should be kept so you can know what they are up to. As anyone who has experienced life knows it is not wise to run away from your problems. It is always best to confront them. If you do not confront or resolve they will eventually catch up with you. The same holds true for a leader. A leader must never run from their problems, because all they are doing is prolonging the problem. This makes it worse because when you prolong a problem now the likelihood of others being influenced negatively increases. Such is the case in this movie. When Simba fled his homeland eventually his problem caught up with him because he did not nip it in the bud, (confront it). Instead he chose to run from it. When his father was killed he should have stayed and told his people what really happened. When Simba ran he actually made the problem worse because it allowed his uncle, Scar (who was actually the problem) to lie to the people and claim the throne. The people did not trust or respect Scar and his bad leadership showed in the famine that spread through the kingdom. When Simba finally went back and confronted his problem, (his uncle) the kingdom was restored. Just as in the movie, effective leadership is seen as being positive and ineffective leadership is seen as being negative; the same applies to leadership in business organization. The analogous outcomes in business organization that are associated with effective and ineffective leadership respectively are financial success and growth of the company especially global expansion and the company being in financial debt and downsizing.

Tasks in Market Segmentation

Tasks in Market Segmentation 1. Analyze consumer product relationship 2. Investigate segmentation bases 3. Develop product positioning 4. Select segmentation strategy 5. Design marketing mix strategy The first task in segmenting the market is Analyze consumer product relationships—this entail the analysis of the affect and cognition, behaviour, and environments involved in the purchase/consumption process. 3 general approaches to this task— 1. Marketing managers may brainstorm the product concept and consider what types of consumers are likely to purchase and use the product and how they differ from those less likely to buy. . Focus groups and other types of primary research can be used for identifying differences in attributes, benefits, and values of various potential markets 3. Secondary research may further investigate differences in potential target markets, determine the relative sizes of those markets, and develop a better understanding of consumers of this or si milar products Investigate segmentation bases. There are no simple way to determine the best bases for segmenting markets. Benefit segmentation. The benefits people seek in consuming a given product are the basic reasons for the existence of true market segments.Psychographic segmentation. Differences on consumer lifestyles. Activities(work, hobbies, vacations), interests (family, job community), opinions9social issues, policitcs, business) Person/situation. Market can be divided on the basis of usage situation. Example: clothes and footwear—market are divided on the basis of sex, size, usage situation or social events Geodemographic segmentation. Identifies specific households in market focusing on local neighbourhood geography (such as zip codes) to create classifications of actual addressable, mappable neighbourhood where consumers live and shop.Develop product positioning. Positioning the product relative to competing products in the minds of consumers. Objective: to form a particular brand image in consumers’ minds 5 approaches to positioning strategy: 1. Positioning by attribute. Most common positioning strategy associating a product with an attribute, a product feature, or a customer feature. Example: toothpaste –fights cavity, whitens teeth 2. By use or application. Represents a 2nd or 3rd position designed to expand the market. Example: Cellphone—texting, 2nd videocam, 3rd–email 3. By product user or class user.Associating with a specific lifestyle profile. Example: alcohol—pampamilya na pangsports pa 4. By product class. Example: camay—beauty soap, safeguard—family soap, ivory-mild soap for sensitive skin 5. By competitors. To convince consumers that a brand is better than the market leader or another well-accepted brand on important attributes. Commonly done in advertisement where competitor is compared. Example: tide compared with brand x and brand y Positioning Map. A visual depiction of cons umers perceptions of competitive products, brands, or models.It is done by surveying consumers about various product attributes and developing dimensions and graph indicating the relative positions of competitors. Select Segmentation Strategy Four Basic Alternatives 1. The firm may decide not to enter the market. This may mean there are no viable market niche for the product or brand or model. 2. The firm may decide not to segment but to mass marketer. This may be appropriate in three situations— a. When the market is so small that marketing to portion of it is not profitable b.When heavy users make up such a large proportion of the sales volume that they are the only relevant target. c. When the brand is dominant in the market and targeting to a few segments would not benefit sales and profits. 3. The firm may decide to market to only one segment 4. The firm may decide to market to more than one segment and design a separate marketing strategy each. Three Important Criteria to Base Segmentation Strategy Decisions: 1. Measurable. Be able to measure size and characteristics. Example: income 2.Meaningful. Segment is large enough to have sufficient sales and growth potential to offer long-run profits. 3. Marketable. Can be reached and serve profitably. Consumer Behavior and Product Strategy Product affect and cognition: Satisfaction and dissatisfaction. Consumer satisfaction is critical in marketing thought and consumer research. Satisfied more likely to purchase the product; dissatisfied more likely to switch products or brand. Expectancy disconfirmation with performance approach is a current approach in studying satisfaction.This approach views consumer satisfaction as the degree to which a product or service provides a pleasurable level of consumption-related fulfilment. It is a degree to which a product performance exceeds the consumers expectations. Prepurchase expectations are consumers beliefs about anticipated performance of the product. Postpurcha se perceptions are consumer’s thoughts about how well the product performed. Disconfirmation refers to difference between the two perceptions. 3 types of disconfirmation: 1. Positive disconfirmation occurs when product performance is better than expected.This lead to satisfaction or a pleasurable level of fulfilment. 2. Negative disconfirmation occurs when product performance is lower than expected. This thought lead to dissatisfaction. 3. Neutral disconfirmation occurs when performance perceptions just meet expectations. Product Behavior Major objective of marketing is to increase the probability and frequency of consumers coming into contact with products, purchasing and using them and repurchasing them. Two classes of consumer behavior: 1. Product Contact. Involves behavior such as locating the product in the store, examining it, and taking it to the check out counter.A consumer may receive free sample in the mail, or on the doorstep on be given sample in the store, borrow product from a friend and use it, receive a product as a gift, or simply see someone else sue the product and experience it vicariously. 2. Brand Loyalty/Variety Seeking. For consumers to be brand loyal, they must not only purchase the same brand repeatedly but also has cognitive commitment to do so. Brand must have sufficient meaning for them that they purchase it not because of convenience or deals but because the brand represents important benefits or values to them.Brand loyalty is an intrinsic commitment to repeatedly purchase a particular brand. It is differentiated from repeat purchase behaviour because it focuses only on the behavioural action without concern for the reasons for the habitual response. Variety seeking is a cognitive commitment to purchase different brands because of factors such as the stimulation involved in trying different brands, curiosity, novelty, or overcoming boredom with the same old thing. Useful strategies for loyal customers: 1. If the only profi table segment is the brand loyal heavy user, focus on switching consumer loyalty to the firm’s brands 2.If there is sufficient number of brand loyal light users, focus on increasing their usage of the firm’s brand 3. If there is a sufficient number of variety-seeking heavy users, attempt to make the firm’s brand name a salient attribute and/or develop a new relative advantage. 4. If there is a sufficient number of variety-seeking light users, attempt to make the firm’s brand name a salient attribute and increase usage of the brand among consumers, perhaps by finding sustainable relative advantage. Product Environment Refers to product-related stimuli that consumers attend and comprehend.Majority of this stimuli are received through the sense of sight. Example: How a cloth feels so smooth influences consumer affect, cognition, and behavior. Two types of environmental stimuli: 1. Product attributes. Major stimuli that influence consumer affect, cognition, a nd behavior. Consumers may evaluate these attributes in terms of their own values, beliefs, and past experiences. 2. Packaging. Element of the product environment on which marketers spend billions annually. Packaging objectives: 1. Should protect the product as it moves through the channel to the consumer. 2.Should be economical and not add undue cost to the product 3. Should allow convenient storage and use of the product by consumer 4. Can be used effectively to promote the product to the consumer. Package sizes can influence not only which brands consumers choose but also how much of a product they use on particular occasions. Package colors are thought to have an important impact on consumers affect, cognition, and behavior. Colors can connote meaning and can be used strategically. Brand identification and Label Information on the package provide additional stimuli for consideration by the consumer.It simplifies purchase and for the consumer and make the loyalty development proc ess possible. Label information includes instructions, contents, lists of ingredients or raw materials, warnings for use and care of the product. Product Strategy. Designed to influence consumers in both the short and long run. In the short-run, new product strategies aim to influence consumers to try the product; in the long run, product strategies are designed to develop brand loyalty and obtain large market shares. A critical aspect of designing product strategies involves analyzing consumer-product relationships.This means consumer product-related affect, cognition, behavior, and environments should be carefully considered in new-product life cycle. Characteristics of Consumers; 1. Innovators 2. Early adopters 3. Early majority 4. Late majority 5. Laggards Characteristics of Products 1. Compatibility. How will does this product fit consumers’ current affect and cognitions, and behaviours? –degree to which product is consistent with consistent with consumers current affect, cognition and behavior. 2. Trialability. Can consumers try the product on a limited basis with little risk? -degree of which product can be tried on a limited basis or divided into small quantities for an inexpensive trial. 3. Observability. Do consumers see or otherwise sense this product? –degree to which products or their effects can be sensed by other consumers.4. Speed. How soon do consumers experience the benefits of the product? –refers to how rapid consumers experience the benefits of the product. 5. Simplicity. How easy it is for consumers to understand and use the product? –the degree to which a product is easy for a consumer to understand and use. 6. Competitive advantage. What makes this product better than competitive offerings? -the degree to which an item has sustainable competitive advantage over other product classes, product forms, and brands. 7. Product symbolism. What does this product mean to consumers? –refers to what the pr oduct or brand means to the consumer and what the consumer experiences in purchasing and using it. Consumer researchers recognize that some products possess symbolic features and that consumption of them may depend more on their social and psychological meaning than on their functional utility. 8. Marketing strategy. What is the role of other marketing mix elements in creating a functional or image-related relative advantage?Favorable image is created through the other elements of the marketing mix. Promotion in the form of advertising is commonly used to create a favorable image for the brand by pairing it with positively evaluated stimuli such as attractive model. Price. Create brand images as well as provide functional competitive advantage. Consumers perceived a relationship between price and quality. Price can position a brand as a good value for their money. Distribution. Good site locations and a large number of outlets are important advantage esp in the food markets

Creveld’s transformation of war Essay

Martin van Creveld is regarded as one of the most influential contemporary military theorist and historians of modern times. Born in Netherlands, Creveld however has spent a life time in Israel studying and analyzing warfare from the vantage point of the faculty of the Hebrew University where he has been teaching since 1971. During these years he has published a number of works on contemporary military warfare. Supplying War, Command in War, The Transformation of War and The Rise and Decline of the State are some of his most important works amongst others. Highly respected amongst military academia, Creveld has been a regular on the teaching and lecture circuit in many parts of the World including the United States and Europe. His thoughts on warfare and the modern military are absorbed by most militaries including of course the country of his stay, Israel. Many military analysts consider, Creveld’s work, â€Å"The Transformation of War† as his most influential as he has brought out a new paradigm of warfare identified as non Trinitarian war, which is a seminal change in military thinking for the first time after Clausewitz in the 19th Century. (Creveld, 1991). This is now compulsory reading for US army officers. Transformation of War is essentially a critique of the Clausewitzian mode of war as highlighted in the 19th Century master’s seminal work on warfare, On War. (Clausewitz, 1976). Transformation of war breaks away from Clausewitzian model of wars determined by the relationship and resolution of the state or the government, the population and the military, a concept which Creveld has denoted as the Trinitarian model of war. Creveld on the other hand argues that warfare has changed considerably as war is fought today by states as well as non states, thus negating the first premise of Clausewitz. (1991). The population is an indeterminate factor in modern warfare and the modern military is incapable of coping with the changing nature of warfare unless it transforms its war fighting modes. The new war which Creveld talks about is not necessarily an engagement between two states and thus in some ways not winnable by modern armies without transforming themselves. Creveld explains war through a five fold prism of theories. The first is to denote those who fight war. As against the modern state centric militaries, Creveld attempts to indicate that throughout history it is not just states but also leagues, cities and religious orders amongst others who have fought war, thus states do not necessarily have a monopoly on war. In the contemporary spectrum also, states are losing their unique status as the makers of war, Hezbollah, Taliban, Tamil Tigers and the Al Qaeda represent the most significant examples. (Creveld, 1991) The second issue brought out by Von Creveld is the relationship between combatants and non combatants. This is no longer rational as indicated in wars of the old determined by internationally accepted legal instruments as the Geneva Conventions. In many cases today, the lines between war and crime have been blurred with prisoners being treated with utmost brutality. (Creveld, 1991). The third issue is conduct of wars wherein tactics and strategies too have undergone seminal change but which comprise of combat between the will of two protagonists where there is congruence of Creveld’s ideas with Clausewitz. The fourth significant issue addressed by Creveld is that war is not just continuation of politics by other means as indicated by Clausewitz but fought for varied purposes including religious, ethnic survival and so on. Creveld seems to suggest that the policy for making war will be as much determined by culture as by the will of states. (Creveld, 1991) A final issue which has been raised by Creveld is of the role of the individual in war fighting, the motivations, the fighting spirit and the factors that make a soldier fight. This should be clearly understood by the military leader as per Creveld. Seen in this perspective the motivations of the suicide bomber of today forming one of the main weapons of the terrorist organization would attain relevance. (Creveld, 1991) Creveld thus provides a broader perspective of warfare which may have greater relevance in today’s wars, than Clausewitz. This is so as he has covered a much wider period of warfare and thus is able to arrive at much broader conclusions on the changing nature of wars. Clausewitz on the other hand appears to have derived the principles from his more recent experiences which came after establishment of the Westphalian order. Viewed in the perspective of the types of conflicts being waged in the World today, Creveld’s views would seem quite relevant. A number of contemporary military writers as Carver have supported Creveld. (Carver, 1981). Moreover a survey of conflicts in which American forces were engaged even as the Gulf War 1991 was going on would indicate the possible simultaneity of conventional and guerrilla or asymmetric conflicts. (Bolger, 1991). On the other hand to view warfare completely as a state versus non state phenomenon may also be out of context. Some recent wars such as the Iraq War 1991, Operation Enduring Freedom 2003 or the Indo Pakistan conflict in 1999 in Kargil could possibly fall in the context of Trinitarian conflicts. Thus the state has not totally lost monopoly on wars. Another issue is of motivation of soldiers. The overwhelming importance given to motivation of soldiers by Creveld appears unjustified in that this may explain the use of say Kamikaze by the Japanese during the Second World War but such tactics despite high levels of motivation do not win wars. To that extent some of Creveld’s theories are not fully directed towards indicating strategies to win wars. Another argument is that of anarchy, if states lose their monopoly of making wars, the World would resemble chaos and disorder. This is seen in many parts of the globe even today. Thus states will continue to be a prime instrument of violence in the years ahead. Notwithstanding the above issues, Creveld has clearly indicated the changes that have come about in warfare and his theories have received considerable support in the military community. The need is to adopt recommendations made by Creveld rationally to political and military organizations by ensuring that societies adapt instruments of violence which are most appropriate to their environmental culture and needs of the times. Thus states should not only prepare for conventional wars but other types of warfare including guerrilla, information, political and cultural and develop their militaries as full spectrum forces. Government and militaries also need to take into account the possibilities of being confronted not just by uniformed soldiers but also by suicide bombers, grenade and gun toting vagabonds, information warriors and even biological warfare agents. The complexity of conflict has thus interminably increased over the years.

Change On Food Production Environmental Sciences Essay

Change On Food Production Environmental Sciences Essay Agriculture is highly dependent on specific climate conditions. Moderate warming and appropriate carbon dioxide in the atmosphere may help plants to grow faster. But more severe climate change such as global warming, floods, drought, and hail may reduce yields. According the survey, from 1981 to 1990, the average global temperature has increased 0.48  °C than 100 years ago. If greenhouse gas emissions continue the warming will also continue, with temperatures projected to increase by 1.4  °C to 5.8  °C between 1990 and 2100. (Richardson et al. 2011) Increases in temperature and carbon dioxide (CO2) can be beneficial for some crops in some places. But to realize these benefits, nutrient levels, soil moisture, water availability, and other conditions must also be met. Higher CO2 levels can increase yields. The yields for some crops, like wheat and soybeans, could increase by 30% or more under a doubling of CO2 concentrations. The yields for other crops, such as corn, exhibit a m uch smaller response (less than 10% increase). However, some factors may counteract these potential increases in yield. For example, if temperature exceeds a crop’s optimal level or if sufficient water and nutrients are not available, yield increases may be reduced or reversed. Crops grown in the United States are critical for the food supply here and around the world. U.S. exports supply more than 30% of all wheat, corn, and rice on the global market. Changes in temperature, amount of carbon dioxide (CO2), and the frequency and intensity of extreme weather could have significant impacts on crop yields. Warmer temperatures may make many crops grow more quickly, but warmer temperatures could also reduce yields. Crops tend to grow faster in warmer conditions. However, for some crops (such as grains), faster growth reduces the amount of time that seeds have to grow and mature. This can reduce yields (i.e., the amount of crop produced from a given amount of land). (EPA 2012) All the problem need to have fast and effective ways to be solve well. In the text will talk other country use what solution to decrease the damage and to protect the crop. Global warming has a serious impact on agricultural production, according to the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) research report pointed out the vulnerability of agriculture to climate warming performance of consumption in the world’s largest of several major varieties of grain, wheat, cereal, corn and rice are particularly sensitive to high temperature, decreased production will cause food shortages. (CGIAR 2012) World Agro forestry Centre chief ecologist Dr. Lewis à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Will Carter report pointed out that the impact of climate change on agriculture in developing countries, for example, China’s agricultural production, the main crops are rice, wheat and corn, warming irrigated and rain-fed spring wheat production decreased by 17.7% and 31.4%, respectively, th e average corn production will cut 3% -7%; (Chiras 2012) warming will accelerate microbial decomposition of soil organic matter, resulting in the decline of soil fertility, implementation of the pesticide will increase and extend the crop growing season, so that not only increase agricultural costs, and affect the safety of the food. (Cline 2007)

Conflict Resolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Conflict Resolution - Essay Example   My main means of relieving stress is through singing. Therefore, during tense situations, I sing, thus engaging my mind in an activity. b). Recognize and manage emotions- when faced with a conflict, I recognize and understand my emotions as well as emotions from other people. This assists me in ensuring I communicate effectively and appropriately thereby, smoothing over disagreements (Segal, Boose, & Smith, 2013). Moreover, I am strongly connected to my feelings and therefore, have the ability to face and tackle differences arising at home, work, or any social place. c) Improvement on nonverbal skills - when faced with conflict, I do pay close attention to the nonverbal signals of the other individual. This assists me in understanding statements from the person and thus, able me to respond in a suitable manner while getting to the base of the problem (Segal, Boose, & Smith, 2013). Moreover, I use a calm tone and show a concerned facial expression, which facilitates tension diffusion. d). Use of humor and play – during a conflict situation, I normally communicate in a humorous and playful manner and this minimizes confrontations, and thus resolve disagreements. Moreover, humor ensures that I communicate feelings and ideas that otherwise would be hard to express (Segal, Boose, & Smith, 2013). I agree to disagree with someone by first recognizing similar viewpoints and listening to his or her reasons for the viewpoints. Afterwards, I proceed to the points we disagree on. We engage in constructive arguments where both parties defend their views and perceptions and try to convince one another (Segal, Boose, & Smith, 2013). In case the person lacks strong and convincing points to defend his perception, I disagree with him and terminate the argument.   

CAFE Standarsd Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

CAFE Standarsd - Article Example They think that car manufacturers should be spared the painful task of spending a large amount of money to improve their cars’ design in order to make them more efficient. They think that because research has to be done, people have to be displaced, and profits will have to shrink, that the task of designing more fuel-efficient cars is not worth doing... just because it is too hard. I am a single mother, with a four-year-old son. I also have a physical disability which imposes upon me what other persons might call â€Å"limitations† or â€Å"constraints†. It is not easy for me to go about as able-bodied people do. I am not so rich as to hire people to do things for me. But I always find a way to get things done. In fact, I am pursuing my masters degree in counselling, something many â€Å"normal† people will hesitate to even attempt. Is it hard? Yes, it is. But that is not an excuse for me to just lay back and leave things as they are. I get up every day and do what has to be done, because it has to be done. Does Congress have what it takes to get things done, my dear Representative ? I am but one small voice among many, so I am counting on you to be my voice. What the big companies hesitate to do has already been done by other countries which have mustered the needed political will. Only we have hesitated, the most powerful country on earth, because we find it too hard to change. If despite all my disadvantages I can raise my son to be a good citizen of this earth, then I expect that our Congress will find a way to provide him with a portion of this earth in which to thrive that is safe and sustainable. I am , from . I am writing you today about the Corporate Average Fuel Economy, or CAFÉ, bill, which I understand is currently being considered in the House. I feel very strongly about this issue, so much so that I am taking the pains to make my sentiments known to the Congressman

Ethics in IT Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Ethics in IT Systems - Essay Example An IT system, just like any other formal system, incorporates ethical, social, and political issues. Some of the ethical issues facing IT systems originate from political and social debates. Let us consider an example in order to understand the issues that concern an IT system. Let us visualize the society as a calm pond in summer time, reflecting a society at equilibrium with individuals and political and social institutions. The individuals in the society adhere to a given code of conduct developed by social institutions, like organizations, family, education, and enforced by the political institutions. In that calm society, let us now throw a stone inside the pond. The action will most definitely disturb the calm society. This stone is IT systems in the current society, and it sure does cause ripples. The individuals in the calm society face issues not covered by the social or political institutions. This conceptual model illustrates the current society and the continually develop ing IT systems. Results of such IT systems raise several moral issues of concern to the society, which include information rights and obligations, property rights and obligations, accountability and control, system quality, and quality of life.   Information rights and obligations concern the information in IT systems and possession power of the same by employees and the organizations. Questions like what the employees should protect, and their obligation and that of the company concerning the information fall under this moral category.